महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-44, verse-1

कृप उवाच ।
सदैव तव राधेय युद्धे क्रूरतरा मतिः ।
नार्थानां प्रकृतिं वेत्थ नानुबन्धमवेक्षसे ॥१॥

1. kṛpa uvāca ,
sadaiva tava rādheya yuddhe krūratarā matiḥ ,
nārthānāṁ prakṛtiṁ vettha nānubandhamavekṣase.

1. kṛpaḥ uvāca sadā eva tava rādheya yuddhe krūratarā
matiḥ na arthānām prakṛtim vettha na anubandham avekṣase

1. Kṛpa said: O son of Rādhā, your mind (mati) is always exceedingly cruel in battle. You neither know the true nature (prakṛti) of matters nor do you consider their consequences.

Words meanings summery:

• कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kripa (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• राधेय (rādheya) - O son of Radha (Karna)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• क्रूरतरा (krūratarā) - more cruel, exceedingly cruel

• मतिः (matiḥ) - mind, intellect, intention

• न (na) - not, no

• अर्थानाम् (arthānām) - of affairs, of purposes, of things

• प्रकृतिम् (prakṛtim) - nature, original form

• वेत्थ (vettha) - you know

• न (na) - not, nor

• अनुबन्धम् (anubandham) - consequence, connection

• अवेक्षसे (avekṣase) - you consider, you observe

Words meanings and morphology

कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kripa (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛpa

kṛpa - Kripa, a famous warrior and guru in the Mahabharata

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Third person singular perfect

Root verb vac (2nd class, Parasmaipada)

Root: vac (class 2)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

राधेय (rādheya) - O son of Radha (Karna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rādheya

rādheya - son of Radha (Karna)

Patronymic derived from Rādhā

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

क्रूरतरा (krūratarā) - more cruel, exceedingly cruel

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of krūra

krūra - cruel, fierce, harsh

comparative degree

Suffix -tara added for comparative meaning.

Note: Agrees with matiḥ.

मतिः (matiḥ) - mind, intellect, intention

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - mind, thought, intellect, intention, opinion

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अर्थानाम् (arthānām) - of affairs, of purposes, of things

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of artha

artha - meaning, purpose, object, thing, affair, wealth

प्रकृतिम् (prakṛtim) - nature, original form

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, original form, source, primal matter

वेत्थ (vettha) - you know

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vid

Second person singular perfect

Root verb vid (2nd class, Parasmaipada), often used in the sense of present tense.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Often functions as a present tense.

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

अनुबन्धम् (anubandham) - consequence, connection

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anubandha

anubandha - consequence, connection, attachment, continuance

Prefix: anu

Root: bandh (class 9)

अवेक्षसे (avekṣase) - you consider, you observe

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of īkṣ

Second person singular present middle

Root verb īkṣ (1st class, Atmanepada) with upasarga ava.

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)