महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-14, verse-7

कीचकस्तु गृहं गत्वा भगिन्या वचनात्तदा ।
सुरामाहारयामास राजार्हां सुपरिस्रुताम् ॥७॥

7. kīcakastu gṛhaṁ gatvā bhaginyā vacanāttadā ,
surāmāhārayāmāsa rājārhāṁ suparisrutām.

7. kīcakaḥ tu gṛham gatvā bhaginyāḥ vacanāt
tadā surām āhārayāmāsa rājārhām suparisrutām

7. Kīcaka, however, having gone home, then on his sister's command, procured wine that was fit for a king and well-filtered.

Words meanings summery:

• कीचकः (kīcakaḥ) - Kīcaka (proper name)

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• गृहम् (gṛham) - home, house

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

• भगिन्याः (bhaginyāḥ) - of the sister, by the sister

• वचनात् (vacanāt) - on her command (from the word, from the speech, by the command)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• सुराम् (surām) - wine, liquor

• आहारयामास (āhārayāmāsa) - he caused to be brought, he procured, he arranged for

• राजार्हाम् (rājārhām) - fit for a king, worthy of a king

• सुपरिस्रुताम् (suparisrutām) - well-strained, well-filtered, very clear

Words meanings and morphology

कीचकः (kīcakaḥ) - Kīcaka (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kīcaka

kīcaka - Kīcaka (name of a general in the Matsya kingdom in the Mahabharata)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Particle.

गृहम् (gṛham) - home, house

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gṛha

gṛha - house, home, dwelling

From root 'grah' (to seize, hold) or 'ghr'.

Root: grah (class 9)

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'gam' (class 1) with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: gam (class 1)

भगिन्याः (bhaginyāḥ) - of the sister, by the sister

(noun)

Ablative, feminine, singular of bhaginī

bhaginī - sister

Derived from 'bhaga' (fortune, good luck).

Note: 'vacanāt' implies "from the words/command of".

वचनात् (vacanāt) - on her command (from the word, from the speech, by the command)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, command, saying

From root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from pronominal stem 'tad'.

सुराम् (surām) - wine, liquor

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of surā

surā - wine, spirituous liquor

Root: sū (class 6)

आहारयामास (āhārayāmāsa) - he caused to be brought, he procured, he arranged for

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of hṛ

Periphrastic Perfect Causative

Formed from 'ā-hṛ' (to bring) in causative ('hārayati') + auxiliary verb 'as' (to be) in perfect ('āmāsa').

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: The 'āmāsa' ending is characteristic of the periphrastic perfect with causative stems.

राजार्हाम् (rājārhām) - fit for a king, worthy of a king

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rājārha

rājārha - fit for a king, worthy of a king

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'rājan' (king) + 'arha' (worthy).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (rājan+arha)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• arha – worthy, deserving, fit
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'arh' (to deserve, to be worthy).
  Root: arh (class 1)

सुपरिस्रुताम् (suparisrutām) - well-strained, well-filtered, very clear

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of suparisruta

suparisruta - well-strained, well-filtered, very pure/clear

Past Passive Participle

Compound: 'su' (good, well) + 'pari' (around) + 'sru' (to flow, trickle). PPP of 'pari-sru'.

Compound type : Pra-ādi Tatpuruṣa (su+parisruta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• parisruta – strained, filtered, flowed around
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'pari-sru' (to flow around, to strain).
  Prefix: pari
  Root: sru (class 1)

Note: Refers to 'surā'.