महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-63, verse-21

भविष्यसि यदाक्षज्ञः श्रेयसा योक्ष्यसे तदा ।
समेष्यसि च दारैस्त्वं मा स्म शोके मनः कृथाः ।
राज्येन तनयाभ्यां च सत्यमेतद्ब्रवीमि ते ॥२१॥

21. bhaviṣyasi yadākṣajñaḥ śreyasā yokṣyase tadā ,
sameṣyasi ca dāraistvaṁ mā sma śoke manaḥ kṛthāḥ ,
rājyena tanayābhyāṁ ca satyametadbravīmi te.

21. bhaviṣyasi yadā akṣajñaḥ śreyasā
yokṣyase tadā sameṣyasi ca dāraiḥ tvam
mā sma śoke manaḥ kṛthāḥ rājyena
tanayābhyām ca satyam etat bravīmi te

21. When you become skilled in dice, you will then attain prosperity. You will also be reunited with your wife. Do not allow your mind to dwell in sorrow. I tell you this truth concerning your kingdom and your two sons.

Words meanings summery:

• भविष्यसि (bhaviṣyasi) - you will be, you will exist

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• अक्षज्ञः (akṣajñaḥ) - skilled in the game of dice (knowing dice, skilled in dice, one who knows the senses)

• श्रेयसा (śreyasā) - with prosperity (by good fortune, by prosperity, with welfare)

• योक्ष्यसे (yokṣyase) - you will obtain (prosperity), you will be united (with good fortune) (you will be united, you will obtain, you will join)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• समेष्यसि (sameṣyasi) - you will be reunited (you will come together, you will unite, you will meet)

• च (ca) - and, also

• दारैः (dāraiḥ) - with your wife (Damayantī) (by wives, with wives, with a wife (honorific plural))

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• मा (mā) - do not

• स्म (sma) - an enclitic particle, intensifying, or indicating past action

• शोके (śoke) - in sorrow, in grief

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, thought

• कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - you should direct (your mind) (you should make, you should do)

• राज्येन (rājyena) - regarding the kingdom (by the kingdom, with the kingdom)

• तनयाभ्याम् (tanayābhyām) - with your two sons (by two sons, with two sons)

• च (ca) - and, also

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, true

• एतत् (etat) - this, this one

• ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I speak, I tell

• ते (te) - to you (to you, for you, your)

Words meanings and morphology

भविष्यसि (bhaviṣyasi) - you will be, you will exist

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

Future Tense

Second person singular, future tense, active voice. Root 'bhū' (class 1).

Root: bhū (class 1)

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

अक्षज्ञः (akṣajñaḥ) - skilled in the game of dice (knowing dice, skilled in dice, one who knows the senses)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akṣajña

akṣajña - knowing dice, skilled in dice, one who knows the senses, one who knows the eyes

Compound of 'akṣa' (dice/sense organ/eye) and 'jña' (knower).

Compound type : tatpurusha (akṣa+jña)

• akṣa – die (for gambling), dice, sense organ, eye, axle
  noun (masculine)
• jña – knowing, knower, acquainted with
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'jñā' (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to the skill in the game of dice.

श्रेयसा (śreyasā) - with prosperity (by good fortune, by prosperity, with welfare)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - welfare, good fortune, prosperity, excellence, supreme good

Comparative form of śrī (wealth, prosperity) or related to praśasya (excellent).

योक्ष्यसे (yokṣyase) - you will obtain (prosperity), you will be united (with good fortune) (you will be united, you will obtain, you will join)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of yuj

Future Tense

Second person singular, future tense, middle voice (ātmanepada).

Root: yuj (class 7)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

समेष्यसि (sameṣyasi) - you will be reunited (you will come together, you will unite, you will meet)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of sam-i

Future Tense

Second person singular, future tense, active voice. Root 'i' (class 2) with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दारैः (dāraiḥ) - with your wife (Damayantī) (by wives, with wives, with a wife (honorific plural))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dāra

dāra - wife (often used in masculine plural for a single wife)

Though masculine, it often signifies a wife, especially in plural form.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Second person pronoun.

मा (mā) - do not

(indeclinable)

Used with aorist or imperative to express prohibition.

स्म (sma) - an enclitic particle, intensifying, or indicating past action

(indeclinable)

Here used with prohibitive 'mā' and aorist ('kṛthāḥ') to strengthen the prohibition.

शोके (śoke) - in sorrow, in grief

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation

Derived from root 'śuc' (to grieve, lament).

Root: śuc (class 1)

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, thought

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, understanding, heart, spirit

Stem ending in -as, neuter gender.

Root: man (class 4)

Note: The final -s of 'manas' changes to -ḥ (visarga) before a word beginning with a voiceless consonant.

कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - you should direct (your mind) (you should make, you should do)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, aorist (injunctive) (luṅ) of kṛ

Aorist (injunctive)

Second person singular, aorist, middle voice (ātmanepada), injunctive mood, used with 'mā' for prohibition.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The form 'kṛthāḥ' is typically used in prohibitive contexts with 'mā'.

राज्येन (rājyena) - regarding the kingdom (by the kingdom, with the kingdom)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, reign

Derived from 'rājan' (king).

Root: rāj (class 1)

तनयाभ्याम् (tanayābhyām) - with your two sons (by two sons, with two sons)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of tanaya

tanaya - son, offspring

Derived from root 'tan' (to extend, produce).

Root: tan (class 8)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, true

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, true, real

Derived from 'sat' (being, existing).

Root: as (class 2)

एतत् (etat) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Accusative singular neuter of 'etad'.

ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I speak, I tell

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of brū

Present Tense

First person singular, present tense, active voice. Root 'brū' (class 2).

Root: brū (class 2)

ते (te) - to you (to you, for you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Second person pronoun, enclitic form.

Note: Enclitic form of 'yuṣmad'.