महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-6, verse-21

सत्यं श्रेष्ठं पाण्डव निष्प्रलापं तुल्यं चान्नं सह भोज्यं सहायैः ।
आत्मा चैषामग्रतो नातिवर्तेदेवंवृत्तिर्वर्धते भूमिपालः ॥२१॥

21. satyaṁ śreṣṭhaṁ pāṇḍava niṣpralāpaṁ; tulyaṁ cānnaṁ saha bhojyaṁ sahāyaiḥ ,
ātmā caiṣāmagrato nātivarte;devaṁvṛttirvardhate bhūmipālaḥ.

21. satyam śreṣṭham pāṇḍava niṣpralāpam
tulyam ca annam saha bhojyam
sahāyaiḥ ātmā ca eṣām agrataḥ na
ativarteta evamvṛttiḥ vardhate bhūmipālaḥ

21. O Pāṇḍava, truth (satya) is supreme and beyond dispute. Food should be shared equally with companions. One's own self (ātman) should not be placed above these companions (or principles). A king whose conduct (vṛtti) is thus will prosper.

Words meanings summery:

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

• श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - supreme, best, most excellent

• पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Pāṇḍava

• निष्प्रलापम् (niṣpralāpam) - undisputed, undeniable, without useless talk

• तुल्यम् (tulyam) - equal, similar, comparable

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, grain

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• भोज्यम् (bhojyam) - to be shared (food) (to be eaten, eatable, suitable for food; food)

• सहायैः (sahāyaiḥ) - by companions, with companions

• आत्मा (ātmā) - self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एषाम् (eṣām) - of these

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - should not be placed above (these companions or principles) (in front of, before, above)

• न (na) - not, no

• अतिवर्तेत (ativarteta) - should not be placed above/surpass (should transgress, should disregard, should surpass)

• एवम्वृत्तिः (evamvṛttiḥ) - whose conduct is thus, acting in such a manner

• वर्धते (vardhate) - prospers, grows, increases

• भूमिपालः (bhūmipālaḥ) - king, protector of the earth

Words meanings and morphology

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, sincerity; true, real

श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - supreme, best, most excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief, supreme

पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Pāṇḍava

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, one of the Pāṇḍavas

निष्प्रलापम् (niṣpralāpam) - undisputed, undeniable, without useless talk

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of niṣpralāpa

niṣpralāpa - without idle or useless talk; undisputed, undeniable

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+pralāpa)

• nis – out, forth, away, without
  indeclinable
• pralāpa – lamentation, incoherent speech, idle talk
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: lap (class 1)

तुल्यम् (tulyam) - equal, similar, comparable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tulya

tulya - equal, similar, like; comparable

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अन्नम् (annam) - food, grain

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, grain, cooked rice

Root: ad (class 2)

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

भोज्यम् (bhojyam) - to be shared (food) (to be eaten, eatable, suitable for food; food)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhojya

bhojya - to be eaten, eatable, food; to be enjoyed or partaken of

Gerundive

Formed from root 'bhuj' with suffix '-ya'.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

सहायैः (sahāyaiḥ) - by companions, with companions

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sahāya

sahāya - companion, assistant, ally, helper

आत्मा (ātmā) - self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual soul, the Supreme Soul, essence, nature

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एषाम् (eṣām) - of these

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - should not be placed above (these companions or principles) (in front of, before, above)

(indeclinable)

From 'agra' with suffix 'tas'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अतिवर्तेत (ativarteta) - should not be placed above/surpass (should transgress, should disregard, should surpass)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of ativṛt

Prefix: ati

Root: vṛt (class 1)

एवम्वृत्तिः (evamvṛttiḥ) - whose conduct is thus, acting in such a manner

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of evamvṛtti

evamvṛtti - whose conduct/nature is such, acting in this manner

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (evam+vṛtti)

• evam – thus, in this manner, so
  indeclinable
• vṛtti – conduct, course of action, behavior; livelihood
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

वर्धते (vardhate) - prospers, grows, increases

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛdh

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

भूमिपालः (bhūmipālaḥ) - king, protector of the earth

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūmipāla

bhūmipāla - king, protector of the earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūmi+pāla)

• bhūmi – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian, keeper
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'pā' (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)