महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-6, verse-11

समाश्वस्तं विदुरं ते नरर्षभास्ततोऽपृच्छन्नागमनाय हेतुम् ।
स चापि तेभ्यो विस्तरतः शशंस यथावृत्तो धृतराष्ट्रोऽऽम्बिकेयः ॥११॥

11. samāśvastaṁ viduraṁ te nararṣabhā;stato'pṛcchannāgamanāya hetum ,
sa cāpi tebhyo vistarataḥ śaśaṁsa; yathāvṛtto dhṛtarāṣṭro''mbikeyaḥ.

11. samāśvastam viduram te naraṛṣabhāḥ
tataḥ apṛcchan āgamanāya hetum | saḥ
ca api tebhyaḥ vistara taḥ śasaṃsa
yathāvṛttaḥ dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ āmbikeyaḥ

11. After Vidura was comforted, those best among men (the Pāṇḍavas) then asked him the reason for his arrival. And he (Vidura), in turn, narrated to them in detail how Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the son of Ambikā, had behaved.

Words meanings summery:

• समाश्वस्तम् (samāśvastam) - having been comforted/reassured (comforted, reassured, encouraged)

• विदुरम् (viduram) - Vidura (Vidura (accusative))

• ते (te) - those (Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

• नरऋषभाः (naraṛṣabhāḥ) - the best among men (the Pāṇḍavas) (best among men, chief of men)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thereupon, from there)

• अपृच्छन् (apṛcchan) - they asked (they asked, they inquired)

• आगमनाय (āgamanāya) - for the reason of his arrival (for coming, for arrival)

• हेतुम् (hetum) - the reason (reason, cause, motive)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Vidura) (he, that)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - in turn, also (also, even, too)

• तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - to them (the Pāṇḍavas) (to them, for them)

• विस्तर (vistara) - in detail (as part of vistara-taḥ) (extension, expansion, detail)

• तः (taḥ) - by way of (forming an adverb vistaratas) (from, by way of)

• शशंस (śaśaṁsa) - he narrated, he told (he narrated, he told, he praised)

• यथावृत्तः (yathāvṛttaḥ) - how Dhṛtarāṣṭra had behaved (as it happened, how it occurred, who behaved thus)

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of a king))

• आम्बिकेयः (āmbikeyaḥ) - son of Ambikā (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (son of Ambikā)

Words meanings and morphology

समाश्वस्तम् (samāśvastam) - having been comforted/reassured (comforted, reassured, encouraged)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samāśvasta

samāśvasta - comforted, reassured, encouraged

Past Passive Participle

Ppp. from sam-ā-√śvas (to breathe again, to be comforted).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Adjective modifying Vidura.

विदुरम् (viduram) - Vidura (Vidura (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (a wise minister of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Note: Object of apṛcchan.

ते (te) - those (Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, nominative plural.

Note: Subject of apṛcchan.

नरऋषभाः (naraṛṣabhāḥ) - the best among men (the Pāṇḍavas) (best among men, chief of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naraṛṣabha

naraṛṣabha - best among men, chief of men (lit. 'bull among men')

Compound noun.

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+ṛṣabha)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thereupon, from there)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

अपृच्छन् (apṛcchan) - they asked (they asked, they inquired)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √prach

Imperfect active

3rd person plural imperfect active.

Root: prach (class 6)

आगमनाय (āgamanāya) - for the reason of his arrival (for coming, for arrival)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of āgamana

āgamana - coming, arrival, approach

Derived from ā-√gam (to come).

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

हेतुम् (hetum) - the reason (reason, cause, motive)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hetu

hetu - reason, cause, motive, instrument

Root: hi

सः (saḥ) - he (Vidura) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, nominative singular.

Note: Subject of śaśaṃsa.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अपि (api) - in turn, also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - to them (the Pāṇḍavas) (to them, for them)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun, dative/ablative plural.

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas.

विस्तर (vistara) - in detail (as part of vistara-taḥ) (extension, expansion, detail)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - extension, expansion, detail, minuteness

Derived from vi-√stṛ (to spread out).

Prefix: vi

Root: stṛ (class 5)

Note: Base for the adverbial form 'vistaratas'.

तः (taḥ) - by way of (forming an adverb vistaratas) (from, by way of)

(indeclinable)

Taddhita suffix forming adverbs of manner/place/origin.

शशंस (śaśaṁsa) - he narrated, he told (he narrated, he told, he praised)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √śaṃs

Perfect active

3rd person singular perfect active.

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Expresses a completed action in the past.

यथावृत्तः (yathāvṛttaḥ) - how Dhṛtarāṣṭra had behaved (as it happened, how it occurred, who behaved thus)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yathāvṛtta

yathāvṛtta - as it happened, how it was, having behaved accordingly

Past Passive Participle

Compound of yathā (as) + vṛtta (behaved, happened, Ppp. of √vṛt).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yathā+vṛtta)

• yathā – as, according to, just as
  indeclinable
• vṛtta – happened, occurred, behaved, existed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Ppp. from √vṛt (to be, to happen, to exist).
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Describes Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of a king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king of Hastināpura)

Compound: dhṛta (held, borne) + rāṣṭra (kingdom). 'One whose kingdom is supported.'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, borne, supported
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Ppp. from √dhṛ (to hold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, country
  noun (neuter)

आम्बिकेयः (āmbikeyaḥ) - son of Ambikā (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (son of Ambikā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āmbikeya

āmbikeya - son of Ambikā (i.e., Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Patronymic from Ambikā.