महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-6, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
पाण्डवास्तु वने वासमुद्दिश्य भरतर्षभाः ।
प्रययुर्जाह्नवीकूलात्कुरुक्षेत्रं सहानुगाः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
pāṇḍavāstu vane vāsamuddiśya bharatarṣabhāḥ ,
prayayurjāhnavīkūlātkurukṣetraṁ sahānugāḥ.

1. Vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca pāṇḍavāḥ tu vane vāsam uddiśya
bharatarṣabhāḥ prayayuḥ jāhnavīkūlāt kurukṣetram saha anugāḥ

1. Vaiśampayana said, 'O best among the Bharatas, the Pandavas, with the intention of dwelling in the forest, set out with their followers from the banks of the Jahnavi to Kurukshetra.'

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampayana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pandavas

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• वासम् (vāsam) - dwelling, residence

• उद्दिश्य (uddiśya) - intending, aiming at, with regard to

• भरतर्षभाः (bharatarṣabhāḥ) - O best of the Bharatas (epithet for Janamejaya) (O best of Bharatas)

• प्रययुः (prayayuḥ) - they went, they proceeded

• जाह्नवीकूलात् (jāhnavīkūlāt) - from the bank of the Jahnavi (Ganges)

• कुरुक्षेत्रम् (kurukṣetram) - to Kurukshetra

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• अनुगाः (anugāḥ) - followers, attendants

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampayana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Vaiśaṃpāyana

Vaiśaṁpāyana - Name of a sage, narrator of the Mahabharata

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

root vac, perfect 3rd singular active, strong stem (ucāc)

Root: vac (class 2)

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pandava

patronymic from Pāṇḍu

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

(indeclinable)

particle

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

वासम् (vāsam) - dwelling, residence

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāsa

vāsa - dwelling, residence, abode, living

root vas (to dwell) + suffix -a

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Used as object of uddiśya

उद्दिश्य (uddiśya) - intending, aiming at, with regard to

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

root diś, upasarga ud, suffix -ya

Prefix: ud

Root: diś (class 6)

भरतर्षभाः (bharatarṣabhāḥ) - O best of the Bharatas (epithet for Janamejaya) (O best of Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull of the Bharatas, best of the Bharatas (epithet)

compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, name of a dynasty
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent one
  noun (masculine)

Note: Vocative plural, addressing Janamejaya

प्रययुः (prayayuḥ) - they went, they proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Perfect (lit) of prayā

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural

root yā, upasarga pra, perfect 3rd plural active

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

जाह्नवीकूलात् (jāhnavīkūlāt) - from the bank of the Jahnavi (Ganges)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of jāhnavīkūla

jāhnavīkūla - bank of the Ganges (Jahnavi)

compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (jāhnavī+kūla)

• jāhnavī – the river Ganges
  proper noun (feminine)
• kūla – bank, shore, river bank
  noun (neuter)

कुरुक्षेत्रम् (kurukṣetram) - to Kurukshetra

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kurukṣetra

kurukṣetra - the field of the Kurus, a sacred battlefield

compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (kuru+kṣetra)

• kuru – name of an ancient king or dynasty
  proper noun (masculine)
• kṣetra – field, tract of land, region
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

preposition or adverb

अनुगाः (anugāḥ) - followers, attendants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anuga

anuga - following, going after, a follower, attendant

upasarga anu + root gam + suffix a

Prefix: anu

Root: gam (class 1)