महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-57, verse-2

भयशोकसमाविष्टा राजन्भीमसुता ततः ।
चिन्तयामास तत्कार्यं सुमहत्पार्थिवं प्रति ॥२॥

2. bhayaśokasamāviṣṭā rājanbhīmasutā tataḥ ,
cintayāmāsa tatkāryaṁ sumahatpārthivaṁ prati.

2. bhayaśokasamāviṣṭā rājan bhīmasutā tataḥ |
cintayāmāsa tat kāryaṃ sumahat pārthivaṃ prati

2. O king, then the daughter of Bhima (Bhīmasutā), overwhelmed by fear and sorrow, pondered that very grave matter concerning the king.

Words meanings summery:

• भयशोकसमाविष्टा (bhayaśokasamāviṣṭā) - Damayanti was afflicted by fear for Nala and grief over his state. (overcome by fear and grief, afflicted by fear and sorrow)

• राजन् (rājan) - The narrator (Brihadashva) addressing King Yudhishthira. (O king!)

• भीमसुता (bhīmasutā) - Damayanti is the daughter of King Bhima. (daughter of Bhima)

• ततः (tataḥ) - Then, afterwards. (then, thence, afterwards)

• चिन्तयामास (cintayāmāsa) - Damayanti began to ponder. (she thought, she pondered, she considered)

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the matter/task to be done. (that, this, it)

• कार्यं (kāryaṁ) - The urgent matter that needed to be addressed. (task, business, duty, what is to be done)

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - The matter was extremely serious. (very great, very important, immense)

• पार्थिवं (pārthivaṁ) - The matter concerning the king (Nala) and his kingdom. (royal, pertaining to a king, earthly)

• प्रति (prati) - Concerning the king. (towards, against, concerning, regarding)

Words meanings and morphology

भयशोकसमाविष्टा (bhayaśokasamāviṣṭā) - Damayanti was afflicted by fear for Nala and grief over his state. (overcome by fear and grief, afflicted by fear and sorrow)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhayaśokasamāviṣṭa

bhayaśokasamāviṣṭa - overcome by fear and grief

Compound ending in a Past Passive Participle `samāviṣṭa`.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (bhaya+śoka+samāviṣṭa)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
• śoka – grief, sorrow, distress
  noun (masculine)
• samāviṣṭa – entered into, taken possession of, overcome
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of sam-ā-viś (to enter, to pervade)
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with `bhīmasutā`.

राजन् (rājan) - The narrator (Brihadashva) addressing King Yudhishthira. (O king!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Addressing Yudhishthira.

भीमसुता (bhīmasutā) - Damayanti is the daughter of King Bhima. (daughter of Bhima)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhīmasutā

bhīmasutā - daughter of Bhima (King Bhima of Vidarbha, Damayanti's father)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (bhīma+sutā)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable; name of a king (Damayanti's father)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sutā – daughter
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of the verb `cintayāmāsa`.

ततः (tataḥ) - Then, afterwards. (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

चिन्तयामास (cintayāmāsa) - Damayanti began to ponder. (she thought, she pondered, she considered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of cint

Perfect Tense (Liṭ) of causative/denominal stem

Formed from the root `cit` with the `ṇic` suffix (causative/denominal `cintayati`) and then the perfect suffix `āmāsa`.

Root: cit (class 10)

Note: Feminine subject `bhīmasutā`.

तत् (tat) - Refers to the matter/task to be done. (that, this, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Pronominal stem.

Note: Agrees with `kāryaṃ`.

कार्यं (kāryaṁ) - The urgent matter that needed to be addressed. (task, business, duty, what is to be done)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, proper to be done, business, duty, task

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From root `kṛ` (to do) + suffix `-ya`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of `cintayāmāsa`.

सुमहत् (sumahat) - The matter was extremely serious. (very great, very important, immense)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very important, vast, immense

Intensifying prefix `su-` + `mahat`.

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating excellence or intensity.
• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective (neuter)
  Stem of mahant (great)

Note: Agrees with `kāryaṃ`.

पार्थिवं (pārthivaṁ) - The matter concerning the king (Nala) and his kingdom. (royal, pertaining to a king, earthly)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, terrestrial; belonging to the earth or a ruler; king, prince

Derived from pṛthivī (earth) or pṛthū (a king, son of Vena).

Note: Agrees with `kāryaṃ`.

प्रति (prati) - Concerning the king. (towards, against, concerning, regarding)

(indeclinable)

Preposition/prefix.

Note: Preposition.