महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-57, verse-12

जानीषे त्वं यथा राजा सम्यग्वृत्तः सदा त्वयि ।
तस्य त्वं विषमस्थस्य साहाय्यं कर्तुमर्हसि ॥१२॥

12. jānīṣe tvaṁ yathā rājā samyagvṛttaḥ sadā tvayi ,
tasya tvaṁ viṣamasthasya sāhāyyaṁ kartumarhasi.

12. jānīṣe tvam yathā rājā samyak vṛttaḥ sadā tvayi
tasya tvam viṣamasthasya sāhāyyam kartum arhasi

12. You know how the king has always treated you properly. Therefore, you ought to offer assistance to him, as he is now in a difficult situation.

Words meanings summery:

• जानीषे (jānīṣe) - you know

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, just as

• राजा (rājā) - King Nala (the king)

• सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, rightly

• वृत्तः (vṛttaḥ) - behaved, conducted

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• त्वयि (tvayi) - towards you, in you

• तस्य (tasya) - of Nala (of him)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• विषमस्थस्य (viṣamasthasya) - of one in distress, in a difficult situation

• साहाय्यम् (sāhāyyam) - help, assistance

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able

Words meanings and morphology

जानीषे (jānīṣe) - you know

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of jñā

present middle

second person singular middle present of root jñā (class 9)

Root: jñā (class 9)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

यथा (yathā) - how, as, just as

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - King Nala (the king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, rightly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying vṛttaḥ

वृत्तः (vṛttaḥ) - behaved, conducted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - behaved, occurred, existed

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle from root vṛt

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rājā

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

त्वयि (tvayi) - towards you, in you

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

तस्य (tasya) - of Nala (of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to rājā

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Subject of arhasi

विषमस्थस्य (viṣamasthasya) - of one in distress, in a difficult situation

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of viṣamastha

viṣamastha - standing in difficulty, in distress, in trouble

Compound type : tatpurusha (viṣama+stha)

• viṣama – uneven, difficult, perilous
  adjective (neuter)
• stha – standing, being, abiding
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix -stha from root sthā
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with tasya

साहाय्यम् (sāhāyyam) - help, assistance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sāhāyya

sāhāyya - help, aid, assistance

Note: Object of kartum

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make

(indeclinable)

infinitive

infinitive from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with arhasi

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of arh

present active

second person singular active present of root arh (class 1)

Root: arh (class 1)