महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-254, verse-3

आयान्तीमे पञ्च रथा महान्तो मन्ये च कृष्णे पतयस्तवैते ।
सा जानती ख्यापय नः सुकेशि परं परं पाण्डवानां रथस्थम् ॥३॥

3. āyāntīme pañca rathā mahānto; manye ca kṛṣṇe patayastavaite ,
sā jānatī khyāpaya naḥ sukeśi; paraṁ paraṁ pāṇḍavānāṁ rathastham.

3. āyānti ime pañca rathāḥ mahāntaḥ
manye ca kṛṣṇe patayaḥ tava ete
sā jānatī khyāpaya naḥ sukeśi
param param pāṇḍavānām rathastham

3. These five mighty chariots are approaching. O Kṛṣṇā, I believe these are your husbands. O beautiful-haired one, you who know them, please identify each successive Pāṇḍava warrior seated in those chariots.

Words meanings summery:

• आयान्ति (āyānti) - they (the chariots) are approaching (they come, they approach)

• इमे (ime) - these (chariots) (these (masculine/feminine nominative plural))

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• रथाः (rathāḥ) - chariots (chariots, war-cars)

• महान्तः (mahāntaḥ) - mighty (chariots) (great, mighty, large)

• मन्ये (manye) - I (Jayadratha) believe (I think, I believe, I consider)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• कृष्णे (kṛṣṇe) - O Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī)

• पतयः (patayaḥ) - your husbands (masters, lords, husbands)

• तव (tava) - your (Draupadī's) (your, of you)

• एते (ete) - these (Pāṇḍavas) (these (masculine nominative plural))

• सा (sā) - you (Draupadī) (she, that (feminine))

• जानती (jānatī) - you who know (them well) (knowing, aware, wise)

• ख्यापय (khyāpaya) - please inform (us), declare (them) (cause to be known, show, declare, inform)

• नः (naḥ) - to us (Jayadratha and Bhānumatī) (us, to us, of us)

• सुकेशि (sukeśi) - O beautiful-haired one (Draupadī) (O beautiful-haired one)

• परम् परम् (param param) - each successive one (one by one, each successive one, each one in turn)

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas (of the sons of Pāṇḍu, of the Pāṇḍavas)

• रथस्थम् (rathastham) - (each Pāṇḍava) seated in a chariot (chariot-dweller, seated in a chariot)

Words meanings and morphology

आयान्ति (āyānti) - they (the chariots) are approaching (they come, they approach)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of āyānti

Present (laṭ)

3rd person, plural, active voice. Root with upasarga ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: i (class 2)

इमे (ime) - these (chariots) (these (masculine/feminine nominative plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies `rathāḥ`.

रथाः (rathāḥ) - chariots (chariots, war-cars)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ramh (class 1)

महान्तः (mahāntaḥ) - mighty (chariots) (great, mighty, large)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Root form with -at suffix.

मन्ये (manye) - I (Jayadratha) believe (I think, I believe, I consider)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of manye

Present (laṭ)

1st person, singular, middle voice.

Root: man (class 4)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

कृष्णे (kṛṣṇe) - O Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī)

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of kṛṣṇā

kṛṣṇā - dark-skinned one, Draupadī

Feminine form of Kṛṣṇa, referring to Draupadī due to her dark complexion.

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Address to Draupadī.

पतयः (patayaḥ) - your husbands (masters, lords, husbands)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pati

pati - master, lord, husband

Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for `ete`.

तव (tava) - your (Draupadī's) (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Genitive singular, 2nd person pronoun.

Note: Qualifies `patayaḥ`.

एते (ete) - these (Pāṇḍavas) (these (masculine nominative plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Nominative plural masculine.

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'are'.

सा (sā) - you (Draupadī) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

Nominative singular feminine. Used for 2nd person reference in address.

Note: Subject of implied 'you are'.

जानती (jānatī) - you who know (them well) (knowing, aware, wise)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jānat

√jñā - to know, to understand

Present Active Participle

From root √jñā, feminine nominative singular.

Root: jñā (class 9)

ख्यापय (khyāpaya) - please inform (us), declare (them) (cause to be known, show, declare, inform)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of khyāpaya

Causative Imperative

2nd person, singular, active voice. Causative stem of √khyā.

Root: khyā (class 2)

नः (naḥ) - to us (Jayadratha and Bhānumatī) (us, to us, of us)

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Enclitic form for dative/genitive/accusative plural. Here, dative (to us) or accusative (show us).

Note: Or accusative. Dative seems more appropriate for "inform to us".

सुकेशि (sukeśi) - O beautiful-haired one (Draupadī) (O beautiful-haired one)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of sukeśī

sukeśī - having beautiful hair

Compound of su (good, beautiful) and keśa (hair), with feminine suffix -ī.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+keśa)

• su – good, well, beautiful
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• keśa – hair
  noun (masculine)
  Root: keś (class 1)

परम् परम् (param param) - each successive one (one by one, each successive one, each one in turn)

(indeclinable)

Repetition of 'para' for distributive meaning.

Compound type : dvirukta (para+para)

• para – other, subsequent, supreme
  adjective

Note: Modifies the action of 'khyāpaya'.

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas (of the sons of Pāṇḍu, of the Pāṇḍavas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, Pāṇḍava

patronymic

Derived from Pāṇḍu with suffix -a.

Note: Relates to `rathastham` (one among them who is in the chariot).

रथस्थम् (rathastham) - (each Pāṇḍava) seated in a chariot (chariot-dweller, seated in a chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rathastha

rathastha - standing/seated in a chariot

Compound of ratha (chariot) and stha (standing, abiding).

Compound type : saptamī tatpuruṣa (ratha+stha)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ramh (class 1)
• stha – standing, situated, being
  verbal derivative (suffix) (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From √sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Refers to each Pāṇḍava warrior.