महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-233, verse-7

न्यवर्तन्त ततः सर्वे गन्धर्वा जितकाशिनः ।
दृष्ट्वा रथगतान्वीरान्पाण्डवांश्चतुरो रणे ॥७॥

7. nyavartanta tataḥ sarve gandharvā jitakāśinaḥ ,
dṛṣṭvā rathagatānvīrānpāṇḍavāṁścaturo raṇe.

7. nyavartanta tataḥ sarve gandharvāḥ jitakāśinaḥ
dṛṣṭvā rathagatān vīrān pāṇḍavān caturaḥ raṇe

7. Then, all the victorious gandharvas turned back, having seen the four brave Pāṇḍavas mounted on their chariots in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• न्यवर्तन्त (nyavartanta) - they turned back, they returned

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• गन्धर्वाः (gandharvāḥ) - the gandharvas (celestial musicians/beings)

• जितकाशिनः (jitakāśinaḥ) - victorious, triumphant, shining with victory

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• रथगतान् (rathagatān) - mounted on chariots, gone to chariots

• वीरान् (vīrān) - brave, heroic (ones)

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

• चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

Words meanings and morphology

न्यवर्तन्त (nyavartanta) - they turned back, they returned

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of nivṛt

imperfect past 3rd person plural

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every

गन्धर्वाः (gandharvāḥ) - the gandharvas (celestial musicians/beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gandharva

gandharva - a celestial musician, a class of semi-divine beings

जितकाशिनः (jitakāśinaḥ) - victorious, triumphant, shining with victory

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jitakāśin

jitakāśin - victorious, shining with victory

Compound type : bahuvrihi (jita+kāśin)

• jita – conquered, won
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √ji
  Root: ji (class 1)
• kāśin – shining, appearing
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from √kāś
  Root: kāś (class 1)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from √dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

रथगतान् (rathagatān) - mounted on chariots, gone to chariots

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rathagata

rathagata - mounted on a chariot, gone to a chariot

Past Passive Participle

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+gata)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• gata – gone, mounted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √gam
  Root: gam (class 1)

वीरान् (vīrān) - brave, heroic (ones)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - brave, heroic, a hero

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - a descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

derived from Pāṇḍu (Pāṇḍu + aṆ)

चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

(numeral)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war