महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-233, verse-21

ततः सुतुमुलं युद्धं गन्धर्वाणां तरस्विनाम् ।
बभूव भीमवेगानां पाण्डवानां च भारत ॥२१॥

21. tataḥ sutumulaṁ yuddhaṁ gandharvāṇāṁ tarasvinām ,
babhūva bhīmavegānāṁ pāṇḍavānāṁ ca bhārata.

21. tataḥ sutumulam yuddham gandharvāṇām tarasvinām
babhūva bhīmavegānām pāṇḍavānām ca bhārata

21. O Bhārata, then a very tumultuous battle occurred between the mighty Gandharvas and the Pāṇḍavas, who possessed terrible speed.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, after that

• सुतुमुलम् (sutumulam) - very tumultuous, very fierce, very violent

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight

• गन्धर्वाणाम् (gandharvāṇām) - of the Gandharvas

• तरस्विनाम् (tarasvinām) - of the mighty, of the powerful, of the swift

• बभूव (babhūva) - took place, happened, became, was

• भीमवेगानाम् (bhīmavegānām) - of those with terrible speed/force, of terrible momentum

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• च (ca) - and

• भारत (bhārata) - Addressed to Janamejaya, the listener of the Mahābhārata narrative. (O descendant of Bharata, O Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, after that

(indeclinable)

सुतुमुलम् (sutumulam) - very tumultuous, very fierce, very violent

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sutumula

sutumula - very tumultuous, very fierce

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+tumula)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• tumula – tumultuous, noisy, agitated, fierce
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Accusative singular neuter of sutumula, agreeing with yuddham.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yudh- (to fight), with -ta suffix, used as a noun.

Root: yudh (class 4)

गन्धर्वाणाम् (gandharvāṇām) - of the Gandharvas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of gandharva

gandharva - Gandharva (celestial musician or warrior)

तरस्विनाम् (tarasvinām) - of the mighty, of the powerful, of the swift

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tarasvin

tarasvin - mighty, powerful, swift, strong

Possessive adjective from 'taras' (speed, strength).

Note: Agrees with 'gandharvāṇām'.

बभूव (babhūva) - took place, happened, became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of bhū

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person singular active of root bhū.

Root: bhū (class 1)

भीमवेगानाम् (bhīmavegānām) - of those with terrible speed/force, of terrible momentum

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhīmavega

bhīmavega - having terrible speed, of terrible force

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhīma+vega)

• bhīma – terrible, dreadful, fearful
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root bhī (to fear).
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• vega – speed, velocity, force, impetuosity
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root vij- (to move rapidly).
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'pāṇḍavānām'.

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, Pāṇḍava

Apatyārthe (descendant) derivation from Pāṇḍu.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'gandharvāṇām' and 'pāṇḍavānām'.

भारत (bhārata) - Addressed to Janamejaya, the listener of the Mahābhārata narrative. (O descendant of Bharata, O Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

Apatyārthe (descendant) derivation from Bharata.

Note: Used as a vocative address.