महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-215, verse-2

निवसन्ति वने ये तु तस्मिंश्चैत्ररथे जनाः ।
तेऽब्रुवन्नेष नोऽनर्थः पावकेनाहृतो महान् ।
संगम्य षड्भिः पत्नीभिः सप्तर्षीणामिति स्म ह ॥२॥

2. nivasanti vane ye tu tasmiṁścaitrarathe janāḥ ,
te'bruvanneṣa no'narthaḥ pāvakenāhṛto mahān ,
saṁgamya ṣaḍbhiḥ patnībhiḥ saptarṣīṇāmiti sma ha.

2. nivasanti vane ye tu tasmin caitrarathe
janāḥ te abruvan eṣaḥ naḥ anarthaḥ
pāvakena āhṛtaḥ mahān saṅgamya
ṣaḍbhiḥ patnībhiḥ saptarṣīṇām iti sma ha

2. And the people who resided in that Caitraratha forest said, 'This great misfortune has been brought upon us by fire, specifically by the fire's union with the six wives of the Seven Sages (saptarṣis).' So it is traditionally recounted.

Words meanings summery:

• निवसन्ति (nivasanti) - they dwell, they reside, they inhabit

• वने (vane) - in the forest, in the wood

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

• चैत्ररथे (caitrarathe) - in Caitraratha (forest)

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men, folk

• ते (te) - they, those

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they said, they spoke

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• नः (naḥ) - to us, our, for us

• अनर्थः (anarthaḥ) - misfortune, calamity, evil

• पावकेन (pāvakena) - by fire, by Agni

• आहृतः (āhṛtaḥ) - brought, caused, carried

• महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

• सङ्गम्य (saṅgamya) - having united (in a sexual context) (having met, having united, having copulated)

• षड्भिः (ṣaḍbhiḥ) - by six, with six

• पत्नीभिः (patnībhiḥ) - by wives, with wives

• सप्तर्षीणाम् (saptarṣīṇām) - of the Seven Sages (saptarṣis)

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• स्म (sma) - indeed, certainly (particle indicating past tense with present verbs)

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (particle of emphasis or reported speech)

Words meanings and morphology

निवसन्ति (nivasanti) - they dwell, they reside, they inhabit

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vas

Present tense

3rd person plural present of ni-√vas (to dwell)

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

वने (vane) - in the forest, in the wood

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Note: Refers to `janāḥ`.

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here to connect the clause.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Modifies `caitrarathe` (forest).

चैत्ररथे (caitrarathe) - in Caitraratha (forest)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of caitraratha

caitraratha - Caitraratha (name of a celestial forest)

Note: Locative singular, agreeing with `vane`.

जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men, folk

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, man, people, creature

Note: Subject of `nivasanti` and `abruvan`.

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this, he, it

Note: Refers back to `janāḥ`.

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they said, they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense

3rd person plural imperfect of √brū (to speak)

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: The prefix 'a' is an augment for imperfect tense.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etas

etas - this, this one (near speaker)

Note: Refers to `anarthaḥ`.

नः (naḥ) - to us, our, for us

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

Note: 'to us' or 'for us'.

अनर्थः (anarthaḥ) - misfortune, calamity, evil

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anartha

anartha - misfortune, calamity, evil, purposeless

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+artha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negating prefix (a/an-)
• artha – meaning, purpose, wealth, good, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the clause.

पावकेन (pāvakena) - by fire, by Agni

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāvaka

pāvaka - fire, Agni (god of fire), purifier

Note: Agent of the action `āhṛtaḥ`.

आहृतः (āhṛtaḥ) - brought, caused, carried

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āhṛta

āhṛta - brought, offered, carried, caused, performed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ā-√hṛ (to bring, to fetch)

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `anarthaḥ`.

महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Modifies `anarthaḥ`.

सङ्गम्य (saṅgamya) - having united (in a sexual context) (having met, having united, having copulated)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Derived from sam-√gam (to meet, to unite, to copulate)

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies the action of `pāvakena āhṛtaḥ`.

षड्भिः (ṣaḍbhiḥ) - by six, with six

(numeral)

Note: Modifies `patnībhiḥ`.

पत्नीभिः (patnībhiḥ) - by wives, with wives

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of patnī

patnī - wife, mistress of a house

Note: Instrumental plural, indicating association.

सप्तर्षीणाम् (saptarṣīṇām) - of the Seven Sages (saptarṣis)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of saptarṣi

saptarṣi - Seven Sages (a group of seven celestial rishis)

Compound type : dvigu (saptan+ṛṣi)

• saptan – seven
  numeral
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive, 'of the wives of the Saptarṣis'.

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

स्म (sma) - indeed, certainly (particle indicating past tense with present verbs)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to indicate traditional recounting.

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (particle of emphasis or reported speech)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to indicate traditional recounting.