महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-204, verse-16

मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
बाढमित्येव तौ विप्रः प्रत्युवाच मुदान्वितः ।
धर्मव्याधस्तु तं विप्रमर्थवद्वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥१६॥

16. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca ,
bāḍhamityeva tau vipraḥ pratyuvāca mudānvitaḥ ,
dharmavyādhastu taṁ vipramarthavadvākyamabravīt.

16. mārkaṇḍeyaḥ uvāca bāḍham iti eva tau vipraḥ prati uvāca mudā
anvitaḥ dharmavyādhaḥ tu tam vipram arthavat vākyam abravīt

16. Markandeya said: The brahmin, filled with joy, replied to those two (elders), "Yes, indeed." But then, the righteous hunter (dharmavyādha) spoke meaningful words to that brahmin.

Words meanings summery:

• मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - Markandeya (a sage's name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• बाढम् (bāḍham) - indeed, certainly, yes

• इति (iti) - marks direct speech (thus, so, in this manner)

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

• तौ (tau) - to those two (elders) (those two)

• विप्रः (vipraḥ) - the brahmin (Markandeya) (the brahmin)

• प्रति (prati) - in response to (as part of the verb 'pratyuvāca') (towards, in response to)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• मुदा (mudā) - with joy, happily

• अन्वितः (anvitaḥ) - accompanied by (joy) (accompanied by, endowed with, possessed of)

• धर्मव्याधः (dharmavyādhaḥ) - the righteous hunter

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• तम् (tam) - that (brahmin) (him, that)

• विप्रम् (vipram) - the brahmin (Markandeya) (the brahmin)

• अर्थवत् (arthavat) - meaningful (words) (meaningful, significant, substantial)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - Markandeya (a sage's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārkaṇḍeya

mārkaṇḍeya - son of Mṛkaṇḍu, name of an ancient sage

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

बाढम् (bāḍham) - indeed, certainly, yes

(indeclinable)

From root bādh (to press, vex), but used as an adverb. Often considered an adverbial accusative of bāḍha (strong).

Root: bādh (class 1)

इति (iti) - marks direct speech (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

(indeclinable)

तौ (tau) - to those two (elders) (those two)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Referring to the two elders who spoke in the previous verse.

विप्रः (vipraḥ) - the brahmin (Markandeya) (the brahmin)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - brahmin, sage, inspired, learned

Root: vip

Note: Refers to Markandeya.

प्रति (prati) - in response to (as part of the verb 'pratyuvāca') (towards, in response to)

(indeclinable)

Preposition/prefix.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Here used with 'prati' to form 'pratyuvāca' (replied).

मुदा (mudā) - with joy, happily

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mud

mud - joy, delight, pleasure

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Forms part of the compound mudānvitaḥ, 'accompanied by joy'.

अन्वितः (anvitaḥ) - accompanied by (joy) (accompanied by, endowed with, possessed of)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anvita

anvita - accompanied by, connected with, endowed with, possessing

Past Passive Participle

from anu-i (to follow, to go after, to go along with)

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Part of the compound mudānvitaḥ.

धर्मव्याधः (dharmavyādhaḥ) - the righteous hunter

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmavyādha

dharmavyādha - a righteous hunter (name of a character), hunter of (righteousness or duty (dharma))

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dharma+vyādha)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  from dhṛ (to hold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vyādha – hunter, fowler
  noun (masculine)
  from vi + ā + han (to strike down)
  Prefixes: vi+ā
  Root: han (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that (brahmin) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Markandeya.

विप्रम् (vipram) - the brahmin (Markandeya) (the brahmin)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - brahmin, sage, inspired, learned

Root: vip

अर्थवत् (arthavat) - meaningful (words) (meaningful, significant, substantial)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of arthavat

arthavat - meaningful, significant, wealthy, having purpose, substantial

Derived from artha (meaning, purpose) with the suffix -vat (having).

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

From vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)