महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-148, verse-37

एतत्कलियुगं नाम अचिराद्यत्प्रवर्तते ।
युगानुवर्तनं त्वेतत्कुर्वन्ति चिरजीविनः ॥३७॥

37. etatkaliyugaṁ nāma acirādyatpravartate ,
yugānuvartanaṁ tvetatkurvanti cirajīvinaḥ.

37. etat kaliyugam nāma acirāt yat pravartate
yugānuvartanam tu etat kurvanti cirajīvinaḥ

37. This is the age (yuga) named Kali, which has just begun. Even the long-lived beings adapt themselves to the characteristics of this age (yuga).

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this, this one

• कलियुगम् (kaliyugam) - the Kali age (yuga) (the Kali age, the fourth age of the world cycle)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named, indeed, as follows

• अचिरात् (acirāt) - which has just begun (recently, soon, not long after)

• यत् (yat) - which, who, what, that

• प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - it begins, it proceeds, it is active, it comes into force

• युगानुवर्तनम् (yugānuvartanam) - adaptation to the age (yuga) (adaptation to an age, following an age, conformity with an age)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover

• एतत् (etat) - this, this one

• कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - they do, they make, they perform

• चिरजीविनः (cirajīvinaḥ) - the long-lived beings (long-lived beings, immortals)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to 'kaliyugam'.

कलियुगम् (kaliyugam) - the Kali age (yuga) (the Kali age, the fourth age of the world cycle)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kaliyuga

kaliyuga - the Kali age, the iron age, the fourth and last of the four yugas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kali+yuga)

• kali – Kali (the fourth and worst of the yugas), strife, quarrel, discord
  noun (masculine)
• yuga – age, era, epoch, yoke, pair
  noun (neuter)

नाम (nāma) - by name, named, indeed, as follows

(indeclinable)

अचिरात् (acirāt) - which has just begun (recently, soon, not long after)

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from 'a-cira' (not long) + ablative suffix

यत् (yat) - which, who, what, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what, that

Note: Refers to 'kaliyugam'.

प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - it begins, it proceeds, it is active, it comes into force

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (lat) of pra-vṛt

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

युगानुवर्तनम् (yugānuvartanam) - adaptation to the age (yuga) (adaptation to an age, following an age, conformity with an age)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yugānuvartana

yugānuvartana - adaptation to an age, following an age, conformity with an age

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuga+anuvartana)

• yuga – age, era, epoch
  noun (neuter)
• anuvartana – following, conformity, adaptation, imitation
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from anu-vṛt (to follow)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Object of 'kurvanti'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to 'yugānuvartanam'.

कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - they do, they make, they perform

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (lat) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

चिरजीविनः (cirajīvinaḥ) - the long-lived beings (long-lived beings, immortals)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of cirajīvin

cirajīvin - long-lived, living for a long time, an immortal

Agent noun from cira-jīv (to live long)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (cira+jīvin)

• cira – long time, long lasting
  indeclinable
• jīvin – living, alive, one who lives
  adjective
  Agent noun
  From root jīv (to live)
  Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'kurvanti'.