महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-148, verse-10

हनूमानुवाच ।
कृतं नाम युगं तात यत्र धर्मः सनातनः ।
कृतमेव न कर्तव्यं तस्मिन्काले युगोत्तमे ॥१०॥

10. hanūmānuvāca ,
kṛtaṁ nāma yugaṁ tāta yatra dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ ,
kṛtameva na kartavyaṁ tasminkāle yugottame.

10. hanūmān uvāca kṛtam nāma yugam tāta yatra dharmaḥ
sanātanaḥ kṛtam eva na kartavyam tasmin kāle yugottame

10. Hanumān said: 'O dear one, there is an age (yuga) called Kṛta, where the natural law (dharma) is eternal. In that supreme age (yugottama), what has been accomplished (kṛtam) means that no (further) actions (karma) are necessary to be performed.'

Words meanings summery:

• हनूमान् (hanūmān) - Hanumān (the speaker) (Hanumān (name of the monkey god))

• उवाच (uvāca) - (Hanumān) said (he said, spoke)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - the Kṛta (Satya) age (done, made, accomplished, the Kṛta age (Satya Yuga))

• नाम (nāma) - called, by name (by name, namely, indeed, verily)

• युगम् (yugam) - (the Kṛta) age (yuga) (age, era, epoch)

• तात (tāta) - O dear one (an affectionate address to Bhīma by Hanumān, who is older) (O dear one, O father, O child)

• यत्र (yatra) - where (in which age) (where, in which, whenever)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

• सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, perpetual (eternal, perpetual, ancient, everlasting)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - what is already accomplished (done, made, accomplished)

• एव (eva) - indeed, just so (indeed, only, just, exactly)

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - (additional) actions (karma) to be performed (to be done, ought to be done, duty, action)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (time) (in that, at that time)

• काले (kāle) - in that time (in time, at the proper time, in the season)

• युगोत्तमे (yugottame) - in that supreme age (in the best of ages, in the supreme age)

Words meanings and morphology

हनूमान् (hanūmān) - Hanumān (the speaker) (Hanumān (name of the monkey god))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hanūmat

hanūmat - Hanumān (son of Vāyu, chief of the Vānaras)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - (Hanumān) said (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (liṭ) of vac

perfect active indicative

Third person singular perfect active form (liṭ).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Introduces Hanumān's speech.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - the Kṛta (Satya) age (done, made, accomplished, the Kṛta age (Satya Yuga))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, accomplished, finished; good deed, the first of the four ages (Satya Yuga)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do, to make) with suffix -ta. Used here as a noun referring to the age.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate noun for 'yugam'.

नाम (nāma) - called, by name (by name, namely, indeed, verily)

(indeclinable)

Used here as an indeclinable particle.

युगम् (yugam) - (the Kṛta) age (yuga) (age, era, epoch)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuga

yuga - age, era, epoch, a pair, yoke, generation

तात (tāta) - O dear one (an affectionate address to Bhīma by Hanumān, who is older) (O dear one, O father, O child)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, sir (vocative used for addressing a junior or a revered person)

Note: Vocative addressing Bhīma.

यत्र (yatra) - where (in which age) (where, in which, whenever)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a subordinate clause describing the Kṛta Yuga.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, perpetual (eternal, perpetual, ancient, everlasting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, perpetual, ancient, everlasting, primeval

Derived from sanā (always) + tana (suffix indicating belonging to).

Note: Predicative adjective for 'dharmaḥ'.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - what is already accomplished (done, made, accomplished)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, accomplished, finished; good deed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do, to make) with suffix -ta. Functions here as a substantive.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'asti' (is).

एव (eva) - indeed, just so (indeed, only, just, exactly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'kṛtam'.

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'kartavyam'.

कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - (additional) actions (karma) to be performed (to be done, ought to be done, duty, action)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, ought to be done, fit to be done; duty, action, business

Gerundive (kṛtya)

Derived from root kṛ (to do, to make) with suffix -tavya.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate adjective for an implied 'kimapi' (anything).

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (time) (in that, at that time)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'kāle'.

काले (kāle) - in that time (in time, at the proper time, in the season)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, period, proper time, death

Note: Adverbial locative of time.

युगोत्तमे (yugottame) - in that supreme age (in the best of ages, in the supreme age)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yugottama

yugottama - best of ages, supreme age

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuga+uttama)

• yuga – age, era, epoch
  noun (neuter)
• uttama – highest, best, supreme, principal
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'ud' (up/out).
  Prefix: ud

Note: Refers to the Kṛta Yuga.