महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-148, verse-38

यच्च ते मत्परिज्ञाने कौतूहलमरिंदम ।
अनर्थकेषु को भावः पुरुषस्य विजानतः ॥३८॥

38. yacca te matparijñāne kautūhalamariṁdama ,
anarthakeṣu ko bhāvaḥ puruṣasya vijānataḥ.

38. yat ca te matparijñāne kautūhalam ariṃdama
anarthakeṣu kaḥ bhāvaḥ puruṣasya vijānataḥ

38. O subduer of enemies, regarding this curiosity (kautūhala) of yours about the knowledge of Me – what meaning or purpose is there for a discerning person (puruṣa) in matters that are futile?

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - which, that, whatever

• च (ca) - and, also

• ते (te) - your, to you

• मत्परिज्ञाने (matparijñāne) - regarding the knowledge of Me (in the knowledge of me, concerning my perfect knowledge)

• कौतूहलम् (kautūhalam) - this curiosity (kautūhala) (curiosity, eager desire, interest)

• अरिंदम (ariṁdama) - O subduer of enemies (epithet for Arjuna) (subduer of enemies, conqueror of foes)

• अनर्थकेषु (anarthakeṣu) - in matters that are futile (in meaningless things, in useless matters)

• कः (kaḥ) - what? who?

• भावः (bhāvaḥ) - what meaning or purpose (purpose, meaning, state, feeling, existence)

• पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - for a discerning person (puruṣa) (of a person, of a man, of the cosmic person (puruṣa))

• विजानतः (vijānataḥ) - of a discerning one (of one who knows, of a discerning one, of a wise one)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - which, that, whatever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that, whatever, what

Note: Refers to 'kautūhalam'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - your, to you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Possessive, 'your'.

मत्परिज्ञाने (matparijñāne) - regarding the knowledge of Me (in the knowledge of me, concerning my perfect knowledge)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of matparijñāna

matparijñāna - knowledge of Me, perfect knowledge concerning Me

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mad+parijñāna)

• mad – I (used as a pronominal adjective meaning 'my' or 'Me')
  pronoun
  From asmad (I), used here in a genitive/ablative sense within a compound
• parijñāna – complete knowledge, perfect understanding, discernment
  noun (neuter)
  From pari-jñā (to know completely)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: jñā (class 9)

कौतूहलम् (kautūhalam) - this curiosity (kautūhala) (curiosity, eager desire, interest)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kautūhala

kautūhala - curiosity, eager desire, intense interest, wonder

Note: Subject of the implied 'is'.

अरिंदम (ariṁdama) - O subduer of enemies (epithet for Arjuna) (subduer of enemies, conqueror of foes)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of ariṃdama

ariṁdama - subduer of enemies, conqueror of foes

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe, adversary
  noun (masculine)
• dama – one who subdues, controller, tamer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root dam (to subdue, tame)
  Root: dam (class 4)

अनर्थकेषु (anarthakeṣu) - in matters that are futile (in meaningless things, in useless matters)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of anarthaka

anarthaka - meaningless, useless, vain, unprofitable

Compound with negative prefix 'an-'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (an+arthaka)

• an – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• arthaka – meaningful, purposeful, profitable
  adjective
  From artha (meaning, purpose)

Note: Refers to implied 'matters' or 'objects'.

कः (kaḥ) - what? who?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what? who? which?

भावः (bhāvaḥ) - what meaning or purpose (purpose, meaning, state, feeling, existence)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāva

bhāva - state, condition, feeling, purpose, meaning, existence, nature

From root bhū (to be, become)

Root: bhū (class 1)

पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - for a discerning person (puruṣa) (of a person, of a man, of the cosmic person (puruṣa))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - person, human being, cosmic person, spirit, male

विजानतः (vijānataḥ) - of a discerning one (of one who knows, of a discerning one, of a wise one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vijānat

vijānat - knowing, discerning, wise, understanding

Present Active Participle

From vi-jñā (to know, discern)

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Modifies 'puruṣasya'.