महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-148, verse-30

सत्यात्प्रच्यवमानानां व्याधयो बहवोऽभवन् ।
कामाश्चोपद्रवाश्चैव तदा दैवतकारिताः ॥३०॥

30. satyātpracyavamānānāṁ vyādhayo bahavo'bhavan ,
kāmāścopadravāścaiva tadā daivatakāritāḥ.

30. satyāt pracyavamānānām vyādhayaḥ bahavaḥ abhavan
kāmāḥ ca upadravāḥ ca eva tadā daivata-kāritāḥ

30. Many diseases befell those who deviate from truth (satya). And then, desires (kāma) and afflictions (upadrava) too, indeed caused by divine forces, also arose.

Words meanings summery:

• सत्यात् (satyāt) - from truth, from reality

• प्रच्यवमानानाम् (pracyavamānānām) - of those who are falling away, of those deviating, of those decaying

• व्याधयः (vyādhayaḥ) - diseases, ailments, sicknesses

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

• अभवन् (abhavan) - became, happened, arose, occurred

• कामाः (kāmāḥ) - desires, wishes, passions

• च (ca) - and, also

• उपद्रवाः (upadravāḥ) - afflictions, calamities, troubles, disturbances

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• दैवत-कारिताः (daivata-kāritāḥ) - caused by deities, divinely ordained, brought about by gods

Words meanings and morphology

सत्यात् (satyāt) - from truth, from reality

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, integrity, fidelity

From 'sat' (being) + suffix 'ya'

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Indicates source or cause of deviation.

प्रच्यवमानानाम् (pracyavamānānām) - of those who are falling away, of those deviating, of those decaying

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pracyavamāna

pracyavamāna - falling down, deviating, decaying, moving away, abandoning

Present Middle Participle

From root 'cyu' (to move, fall) with prefix 'pra', present middle participle suffix 'śānac'

Prefix: pra

Root: cyu (class 1)

Note: Refers to people who are currently deviating.

व्याधयः (vyādhayaḥ) - diseases, ailments, sicknesses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyādhi

vyādhi - disease, ailment, sickness, affliction

From root 'vyadh' (to pierce) with prefix 'vi'

Prefix: vi

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'abhavan'.

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, numerous, much

Note: Agrees with 'vyādhayaḥ'.

अभवन् (abhavan) - became, happened, arose, occurred

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Past Imperfect Tense

From root 'bhū', 1st conjugation, imperfect, 3rd person plural

Root: bhū (class 1)

कामाः (kāmāḥ) - desires, wishes, passions

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, longing, love, passion

From root 'kam' (to desire)

Root: kam (class 1)

Note: One of the subjects that arose, implicitly referring to an 'abhavan'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

उपद्रवाः (upadravāḥ) - afflictions, calamities, troubles, disturbances

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upadrava

upadrava - affliction, calamity, trouble, disturbance, misfortune

From root 'dru' (to run) with prefix 'upa'

Prefix: upa

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: One of the subjects that arose.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From pronoun 'tad' + suffix '-dā'

Note: Temporal adverb.

दैवत-कारिताः (daivata-kāritāḥ) - caused by deities, divinely ordained, brought about by gods

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of daivata-kārita

daivata-kārita - caused by deities, brought about by divine will

Past Passive Participle (compound)

Tatpurusha compound: 'daivata' (divine) + 'kārita' (caused)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daivata+kārita)

• daivata – divine, pertaining to deities, god-like
  adjective (neuter)
  From 'deva' (god) + suffix 'ta'
• kārita – caused, brought about, made to do
  adjective (masculine)
  Causative Past Passive Participle
  From causative root 'kār' (to cause to do) + suffix 'kta'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Describes 'kāmāḥ' and 'upadravāḥ'.