महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-129, verse-12

अत्रैव नाहुषो राजा राजन्क्रतुभिरिष्टवान् ।
ययातिर्बहुरत्नाढ्यैर्यत्रेन्द्रो मुदमभ्यगात् ॥१२॥

12. atraiva nāhuṣo rājā rājankratubhiriṣṭavān ,
yayātirbahuratnāḍhyairyatrendro mudamabhyagāt.

12. atra eva nāhuṣaḥ rājā rājan kratubhiḥ iṣṭavān
yayātiḥ bahuratnāḍhyaiḥ yatra indraḥ mudam abhyagāt

12. O King, it was right here that King Nahuṣa performed many rituals. And it was where (King) Yayāti performed rituals rich in numerous treasures that Indra attained great joy.

12. הו מלך, ממש כאן ערך המלך יַיָאטִי בן נַהוּשַׁה טקסים עשירים באבני חן רבות, ושם אִינְדְרַה שמח.

Words meanings summery:

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

• एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, certainly

• नाहुषः (nāhuṣaḥ) - Nahuṣa (a legendary king)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to the listener (likely Yudhiṣṭhira or Dhṛtarāṣṭra). (O king)

• क्रतुभिः (kratubhiḥ) - by sacrifices, with rituals

• इष्टवान् (iṣṭavān) - performed (sacrifices/rituals) (performed (a sacrifice), worshipped, desired)

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayāti (a legendary king)

• बहुरत्नाढ्यैः (bahuratnāḍhyaiḥ) - Describes the 'kratu' (rituals/sacrifices) performed by Yayāti, implying they were lavish. (by those rich in many jewels/treasures)

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place, in which case

• इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra (king of the gods)

• मुदम् (mudam) - joy, delight, pleasure

• अभ्यगात् (abhyagāt) - Indra attained joy. (he approached, he attained, he experienced)

Words meanings and morphology

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

Locative case form of 'idam' (this), used as an indeclinable adverb.

एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

नाहुषः (nāhuṣaḥ) - Nahuṣa (a legendary king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nāhuṣa

nāhuṣa - Nahuṣa (son of Ayu and father of Yayāti, a celebrated king)

Patronymic from Nahuṣa.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to the listener (likely Yudhiṣṭhira or Dhṛtarāṣṭra). (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

क्रतुभिः (kratubhiḥ) - by sacrifices, with rituals

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kratu

kratu - sacrifice, ritual, rite, power, wisdom, understanding

इष्टवान् (iṣṭavān) - performed (sacrifices/rituals) (performed (a sacrifice), worshipped, desired)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of iṣṭavat

iṣṭavat - one who has sacrificed, one who has worshipped, one who has desired

Past Active Participle

From root 'yaj' (to sacrifice, worship) or 'iṣ' (to desire), with the kṛt suffix '-vat' (ktavat). The root 'yaj' undergoes irregular formation to 'iṣṭa' for PPP, then '-vat' for PAP.

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Acts as the predicate for the subject `Nāhuṣaḥ rājā`.

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayāti (a legendary king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - Yayāti (son of Nahuṣa and father of Yadu, Turvasu, Druhyu, Anu, Pūru)

बहुरत्नाढ्यैः (bahuratnāḍhyaiḥ) - Describes the 'kratu' (rituals/sacrifices) performed by Yayāti, implying they were lavish. (by those rich in many jewels/treasures)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahuratnāḍhya

bahuratnāḍhya - rich in many jewels/treasures, possessing many valuable things

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+ratna+āḍhya)

• bahu – many, much, numerous
  adjective (neuter)
• ratna – jewel, gem, precious stone, treasure
  noun (neuter)
• āḍhya – rich, wealthy, opulent, endowed with
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with implied `kratubhiḥ`.

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place, in which case

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem 'ya' + locative suffix 'tra'.

इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra (king of the gods)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (the chief deity of the Ṛgveda, king of Svarga and the Devas)

मुदम् (mudam) - joy, delight, pleasure

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mud

mud - joy, delight, pleasure, happiness

Note: Object of `abhyagāt`.

अभ्यगात् (abhyagāt) - Indra attained joy. (he approached, he attained, he experienced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of gam

Aorist, Third Person Singular, Parasmaipada

From prefix 'abhi' + root 'gam' (to go) in 1st conjugation. Aorist form for 3rd person singular.

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

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