महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-129, verse-10

एकरात्रमुषित्वेह द्वितीयं यदि वत्स्यसि ।
एतद्वै ते दिवा वृत्तं रात्रौ वृत्तमतोऽन्यथा ॥१०॥

10. ekarātramuṣitveha dvitīyaṁ yadi vatsyasi ,
etadvai te divā vṛttaṁ rātrau vṛttamato'nyathā.

10. ekarātram uṣitvā iha dvitīyam yadi vatsyasi etat
vai te divā vṛttam rātrau vṛttam ataḥ anyathā

10. If you stay here for one night and then stay a second, your situation (vṛttam) by day will indeed be thus, but by night, it will be entirely different.

Words meanings summery:

• एकरात्रम् (ekarātram) - for one night, one night

• उषित्वा (uṣitvā) - having stayed, having resided

• इह (iha) - here (in this place) (here, in this world)

• द्वितीयम् (dvitīyam) - a second night (implied) (second, a second time/night)

• यदि (yadi) - if

• वत्स्यसि (vatsyasi) - you will stay, you will dwell

• एतत् (etat) - this situation/matter (this, this (situation))

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• ते (te) - your (genitive/possessive) (to you, for you, your)

• दिवा (divā) - by day, during the day

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - situation, state of affairs (happened, occurred; conduct, situation, state)

• रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - situation, state of affairs (happened, occurred; conduct, situation, state)

• अतः (ataḥ) - from this, therefore, hence

• अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, differently, in another way

Words meanings and morphology

एकरात्रम् (ekarātram) - for one night, one night

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ekarātra

ekarātra - one night

Compound type : dvigu (eka+rātra)

• eka – one, single
  numeral
• rātra – night
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adverbial accusative, indicating duration.

उषित्वा (uṣitvā) - having stayed, having resided

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root vas (to dwell, reside) + ktvā pratyaya

Root: vas (class 1)

इह (iha) - here (in this place) (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

द्वितीयम् (dvitīyam) - a second night (implied) (second, a second time/night)

(numeral)

Note: Refers to a second instance of staying (ekarātram is accusative of time).

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks a conditional clause.

वत्स्यसि (vatsyasi) - you will stay, you will dwell

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vas

Root: vas (class 1)

एतत् (etat) - this situation/matter (this, this (situation))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Subject of the implied 'will be'.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

ते (te) - your (genitive/possessive) (to you, for you, your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Here indicates possession or relation to 'vṛttam'.

दिवा (divā) - by day, during the day

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - situation, state of affairs (happened, occurred; conduct, situation, state)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - happened, occurred, past; conduct, state, situation

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛt (to be, exist, happen) + kta pratyaya

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: The first 'vṛttam' applies to the 'divā'.

रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

Note: Adverbial locative, indicating time.

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - situation, state of affairs (happened, occurred; conduct, situation, state)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - happened, occurred, past; conduct, state, situation

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛt (to be, exist, happen) + kta pratyaya

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: This 'vṛttam' is implied to be 'anyathā'.

अतः (ataḥ) - from this, therefore, hence

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the day's situation to the night's 'otherwise'.

अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, differently, in another way

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies the second 'vṛttam'.