महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-23, verse-7

भीमसेनादवरजस्तथायं वासवोपमः ।
विजयो नावसीदेत इति चोद्धर्षणं कृतम् ॥७॥

7. bhīmasenādavarajastathāyaṁ vāsavopamaḥ ,
vijayo nāvasīdeta iti coddharṣaṇaṁ kṛtam.

7. bhīmasenāt avarajaḥ tathā ayam vāsavopamaḥ
vijayaḥ na avasīdet iti ca uddharṣaṇam kṛtam

7. tathā ayam vijayaḥ bhīmasenāt avarajaḥ
vāsavopamaḥ na avasīdet iti ca uddharṣaṇam kṛtam

7. Similarly, this Vijaya (Arjuna), younger than Bhīmasena and comparable to Indra, should not become despondent. With this sentiment, encouragement was given.

Words meanings summery:

• भीमसेनात् (bhīmasenāt) - than Bhīmasena

• अवरजः (avarajaḥ) - (Arjuna is the) younger brother (of Bhīmasena) (younger brother, born later)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, likewise, also)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (Arjuna) (this, he)

• वासवोपमः (vāsavopamaḥ) - (Arjuna is) comparable to Indra (similar to Indra)

• विजयः (vijayaḥ) - Vijaya (Arjuna) (victory, Vijaya (Arjuna's epithet))

• न (na) - not, no

• अवसीदेत् (avasīdet) - should become despondent, should fail, should sink

• इति (iti) - marking the preceding statement as a sentiment (thus, so, this)

• च (ca) - and, also

• उद्धर्षणम् (uddharṣaṇam) - encouragement, exhilaration, rousing

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - was given (encouragement) (done, made)

Words meanings and morphology

भीमसेनात् (bhīmasenāt) - than Bhīmasena

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (Bhīma's full name)

Note: Used for comparison with 'avarajaḥ'.

अवरजः (avarajaḥ) - (Arjuna is the) younger brother (of Bhīmasena) (younger brother, born later)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avaraja

avaraja - younger brother, born after, junior

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ava+ja)

• ava – down, off, away
  indeclinable
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix -ja from √jan
  Derived from root √jan 'to be born'
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, likewise, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects this statement to the previous one.

अयम् (ayam) - this (Arjuna) (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to Vijaya (Arjuna).

वासवोपमः (vāsavopamaḥ) - (Arjuna is) comparable to Indra (similar to Indra)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsavopama

vāsavopama - similar to Vāsava (Indra)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vāsava+upama)

• vāsava – Indra (as son of Vasu)
  proper noun (masculine)
• upama – likeness, comparison, similar, equal
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: upa

Note: Qualifies Vijaya (Arjuna).

विजयः (vijayaḥ) - Vijaya (Arjuna) (victory, Vijaya (Arjuna's epithet))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, conquest, name of Arjuna

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb 'avasīdet'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the action of 'avasīdet'.

अवसीदेत् (avasīdet) - should become despondent, should fail, should sink

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of avasīd

optative mood

3rd person singular active optative of √sad with prefix ava

Prefix: ava

Root: sad (class 1)

इति (iti) - marking the preceding statement as a sentiment (thus, so, this)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the preceding statement as a sentiment or quotation.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'iti' with 'uddharṣaṇam kṛtam'.

उद्धर्षणम् (uddharṣaṇam) - encouragement, exhilaration, rousing

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of uddharṣaṇa

uddharṣaṇa - encouragement, exhilaration, rousing, stimulating

Derived from ud-√hṛṣ (to be excited, to gladden).

Prefix: ud

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'kṛtam'.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - was given (encouragement) (done, made)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate for 'uddharṣaṇam'.