महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-12, verse-3

पर्युपासनकाले तु विपरीतं विधीयते ।
आमर्दकाले राजेन्द्र व्यपसर्पस्ततो वरः ॥३॥

3. paryupāsanakāle tu viparītaṁ vidhīyate ,
āmardakāle rājendra vyapasarpastato varaḥ.

3. paryupāsanakāle tu viparītam vidhīyate
āmardakāle rājendra vyapasarpaḥ tataḥ varaḥ

3. rājendra paryupāsanakāle tu viparītam
vidhīyate āmardakāle tataḥ vyapasarpaḥ varaḥ

3. However, during a siege, a contrasting approach is prescribed. O best of kings, during a direct assault, it is better to retreat from that position.

Words meanings summery:

• पर्युपासनकाले (paryupāsanakāle) - in the time of besieging, during a siege

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• विपरीतम् (viparītam) - the opposite, contrary, reversed

• विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed, is ordained, is performed

• आमर्दकाले (āmardakāle) - in the time of crushing, during an assault

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O best of kings, O king

• व्यपसर्पः (vyapasarpaḥ) - retreating, withdrawing, going away

• ततः (tataḥ) - from there, then, therefore

• वरः (varaḥ) - better, excellent, superior

Words meanings and morphology

पर्युपासनकाले (paryupāsanakāle) - in the time of besieging, during a siege

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of paryupāsanakāla

paryupāsanakāla - time of siege, period of encirclement

compound of paryupāsana (siege) and kāla (time)

Compound type : tatpurusha (paryupāsana+kāla)

• paryupāsana – siege, encirclement, surrounding
  noun (neuter)
  action noun from pari-upa-ās (to sit near, to besiege)
  Prefixes: pari+upa
  Root: ās (class 2)
• kāla – time, season, period
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kal

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

विपरीतम् (viparītam) - the opposite, contrary, reversed

(adjective)

neuter, singular of viparīta

viparīta - opposite, contrary, reversed, inverted

Past Passive Participle

From vi-pari-i (to go against, to reverse)

Prefixes: vi+pari

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Acts as a noun here, 'the opposite (thing/strategy)'.

विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed, is ordained, is performed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vidhā

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

आमर्दकाले (āmardakāle) - in the time of crushing, during an assault

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āmardakāla

āmardakāla - time of crushing, time of assault, time of attack

compound of āmarda (assault) and kāla (time)

Compound type : tatpurusha (āmarda+kāla)

• āmarda – crushing, rubbing, assault, attack
  noun (masculine)
  from ā-mṛd (to crush, to press)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: mṛd (class 7)
• kāla – time, season, period
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kal

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O best of kings, O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - best of kings, chief of kings

compound of rājan (king) and indra (chief, best)

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj
• indra – Indra (a deity), chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

व्यपसर्पः (vyapasarpaḥ) - retreating, withdrawing, going away

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyapasarpa

vyapasarpa - retreat, withdrawal, going away

from vi-apa-sṛp (to glide away, to withdraw)

Prefixes: vi+apa

Root: sṛp (class 1)

Note: The word refers to the act of retreating.

ततः (tataḥ) - from there, then, therefore

(indeclinable)

Root: tad

Note: Refers to retreating from the position of assault.

वरः (varaḥ) - better, excellent, superior

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - better, excellent, superior, best

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Predicative adjective.