महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-12, verse-23

अश्वमेधसहस्रेण यो यजेत्पृथिवीपतिः ।
पालयेद्वापि धर्मेण प्रजास्तुल्यं फलं लभेत् ॥२३॥

23. aśvamedhasahasreṇa yo yajetpṛthivīpatiḥ ,
pālayedvāpi dharmeṇa prajāstulyaṁ phalaṁ labhet.

23. aśvamedhasahasreṇa yaḥ yajet pṛthivīpatiḥ pālayet
vā api dharmeṇa prajāḥ tulyam phalam labhet

23. yaḥ pṛthivīpatiḥ aśvamedhasahasreṇa yajet vā
api dharmeṇa prajāḥ pālayet tulyam phalam labhet

23. The king who performs a thousand horse-rituals (aśvamedha yajña) or protects his subjects according to natural law (dharma) obtains an equal reward.

Words meanings summery:

• अश्वमेधसहस्रेण (aśvamedhasahasreṇa) - by a thousand horse-rituals; by a thousand aśvamedha yajñas

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• यजेत् (yajet) - would perform a Vedic ritual, should worship

• पृथिवीपतिः (pṛthivīpatiḥ) - king, lord of the earth

• पालयेत् (pālayet) - would protect, should protect, would govern

• वा (vā) - or, either

• अपि (api) - also, even, too, and

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - according to the king's natural law (dharma) (by natural law, by righteousness, according to one's duty)

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - the king's subjects (subjects, people, progeny)

• तुल्यम् (tulyam) - equal, similar

• फलम् (phalam) - reward (for actions) (fruit, result, reward, consequence)

• लभेत् (labhet) - would obtain, should obtain, would gain

Words meanings and morphology

अश्वमेधसहस्रेण (aśvamedhasahasreṇa) - by a thousand horse-rituals; by a thousand aśvamedha yajñas

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of aśvamedhasahasra

aśvamedhasahasra - a thousand aśvamedha sacrifices/rituals

Compound type : tatpurusha (aśvamedha+sahasra)

• aśvamedha – horse-ritual; a particular Vedic ritual
  noun (masculine)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ya

ya - who, which, what

यजेत् (yajet) - would perform a Vedic ritual, should worship

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of yaj

Root: yaj (class 1)

पृथिवीपतिः (pṛthivīpatiḥ) - king, lord of the earth

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛthivīpati

pṛthivīpati - king, lord of the earth

Compound type : tatpurusha (pṛthivī+pati)

• pṛthivī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the king.

पालयेत् (pālayet) - would protect, should protect, would govern

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of pāl

Causal formation from √pā (to protect); ṇic affix.

Root: pā (class 1)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too, and

(indeclinable)

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - according to the king's natural law (dharma) (by natural law, by righteousness, according to one's duty)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

From root √dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - the king's subjects (subjects, people, progeny)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - people, subjects, progeny, offspring

From pra + √jan

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of protection.

तुल्यम् (tulyam) - equal, similar

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tulya

tulya - equal, similar, comparable

gerundive

From root √tul (to weigh) + ya suffix (kṛtya pratyaya).

Root: tul (class 10)

Note: Modifies phalam.

फलम् (phalam) - reward (for actions) (fruit, result, reward, consequence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward, advantage

Note: Object of obtaining.

लभेत् (labhet) - would obtain, should obtain, would gain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of labh

Root: labh (class 1)