महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-12, verse-10

आपदश्चापि बोद्धव्या बहुरूपा नराधिप ।
भवन्ति राज्ञां कौरव्य यास्ताः पृथगतः शृणु ॥१०॥

10. āpadaścāpi boddhavyā bahurūpā narādhipa ,
bhavanti rājñāṁ kauravya yāstāḥ pṛthagataḥ śṛṇu.

10. āpadaḥ ca api boddhavyāḥ bahurūpāḥ narādhipa
bhavanti rājñām kauravya yāḥ tāḥ pṛthak ataḥ śṛṇu

10. narādhipa rājñām bahurūpāḥ yāḥ āpadaḥ bhavanti tāḥ
ca api boddhavyāḥ kauravya ataḥ tāḥ pṛthak śṛṇu

10. O ruler of men (narādhipa), the numerous forms of dangers that befall kings should also be understood. Therefore, O descendant of Kuru (kauravya), listen to them individually.

Words meanings summery:

• आपदः (āpadaḥ) - dangers, calamities, misfortunes

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• बोद्धव्याः (boddhavyāḥ) - should be known, should be understood

• बहुरूपाः (bahurūpāḥ) - numerous forms (of many forms, manifold)

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O ruler of men, O king

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they befall (they are, they exist, they happen)

• राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings, for kings

• कौरव्य (kauravya) - O descendant of Kuru

• याः (yāḥ) - which, who

• ताः (tāḥ) - those, them

• पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, individually, distinctively

• अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, from this, hence

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear (imperative)

Words meanings and morphology

आपदः (āpadaḥ) - dangers, calamities, misfortunes

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, danger, distress

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

बोद्धव्याः (boddhavyāḥ) - should be known, should be understood

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of boddhavya

boddhavya - to be known, to be understood, cognizable

Gerundive

From √budh (to know, perceive, understand)

Root: budh (class 1)

बहुरूपाः (bahurūpāḥ) - numerous forms (of many forms, manifold)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of bahurūpa

bahurūpa - multiform, manifold, various, of many kinds

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+rūpa)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O ruler of men, O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - lord of men, king, ruler

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they befall (they are, they exist, they happen)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present Tense, 3rd Person, Plural, Active Voice

Root: bhū (class 1)

राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings, for kings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

कौरव्य (kauravya) - O descendant of Kuru

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kauravya

kauravya - descendant of Kuru (a proper noun, often used as an address for Yudhiṣṭhira or Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Derived from Kuru (name of an ancient king)

याः (yāḥ) - which, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, whatever (relative pronoun)

ताः (tāḥ) - those, them

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, it, them (demonstrative pronoun)

पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, individually, distinctively

(indeclinable)

अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, from this, hence

(indeclinable)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear (imperative)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative Mood, 2nd Person, Singular, Active Voice

Root: śru (class 5)