महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-53, verse-21

तेऽधर्मेणेह संयुक्ताः परीताः कालधर्मणा ।
धर्मेण निहता युद्धे गताः स्वर्गं न संशयः ॥२१॥

21. te'dharmeṇeha saṁyuktāḥ parītāḥ kāladharmaṇā ,
dharmeṇa nihatā yuddhe gatāḥ svargaṁ na saṁśayaḥ.

21. te adharmeṇa iha saṃyuktāḥ parītāḥ kāladharmaṇā
dharmeṇa nihatāḥ yuddhe gatāḥ svargam na saṃśayaḥ

21. They (the Kauravas) were, in this world, associated with unrighteousness and overcome by the law of time (kāla). Yet, having been struck down in battle in accordance with (dharma), they undoubtedly attained heaven.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - refers to the Kauravas (they)

• अधर्मेण (adharmeṇa) - by unrighteousness, by injustice

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

• संयुक्ताः (saṁyuktāḥ) - joined, united, endowed with, associated with

• परीताः (parītāḥ) - surrounded, encompassed, overcome

• कालधर्मणा (kāladharmaṇā) - by the law of time, by fate, by death

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by (natural) law, by righteousness, in accordance with (dharma)

• निहताः (nihatāḥ) - struck down, killed

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• गताः (gatāḥ) - gone, attained

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven, celestial world

• न (na) - not, no

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - refers to the Kauravas (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Kauravas.

अधर्मेण (adharmeṇa) - by unrighteousness, by injustice

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, wrong, evil

negative prefix 'a' + dharma

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+dharma)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• dharma – (natural) law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  root dhṛ (to uphold, support) + man
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

(indeclinable)

संयुक्ताः (saṁyuktāḥ) - joined, united, endowed with, associated with

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃyukta

saṁyukta - joined, united, endowed with, associated with

past passive participle

prefix sam + root yuj (to join, unite) + kta

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'te'.

परीताः (parītāḥ) - surrounded, encompassed, overcome

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parīta

parīta - surrounded, encompassed, overcome, gone to

past passive participle

prefix pari + root i (to go) + kta

Prefix: pari

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'te'.

कालधर्मणा (kāladharmaṇā) - by the law of time, by fate, by death

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāladharma

kāladharma - the law of time, fate, death

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāla+dharma)

• kāla – time, destiny, death
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – (natural) law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  root dhṛ (to uphold, support) + man
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by (natural) law, by righteousness, in accordance with (dharma)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - (natural) law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty

root dhṛ (to uphold, support) + man

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

निहताः (nihatāḥ) - struck down, killed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - struck down, killed, slain

past passive participle

prefix ni + root han (to strike, kill) + kta

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'te'.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

root yudh (to fight) + kta

Root: yudh (class 4)

गताः (gatāḥ) - gone, attained

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, arrived, attained

past passive participle

root gam (to go) + kta

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'te'.

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven, celestial world

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, celestial world, abode of gods

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, hesitation

prefix sam + root śi (to sharpen) or root śī (to lie) + aya

Prefix: sam

Root: śi (class 2)