महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-53, verse-1

उत्तङ्क उवाच ।
ब्रूहि केशव तत्त्वेन त्वमध्यात्ममनिन्दितम् ।
श्रुत्वा श्रेयोऽभिधास्यामि शापं वा ते जनार्दन ॥१॥

1. uttaṅka uvāca ,
brūhi keśava tattvena tvamadhyātmamaninditam ,
śrutvā śreyo'bhidhāsyāmi śāpaṁ vā te janārdana.

1. uttaṅka uvāca brūhi keśava tattvena tvam adhyātmam
aninditam śrutvā śreyaḥ abhidhāsyāmi śāpam vā te janārdana

1. uttaṅka uvāca keśava janārdana tvam tattvena aninditam
adhyātmam brūhi śrutvā te śreyaḥ śāpam vā abhidhāsyāmi

1. Uttanka said: O Keśava, truly explain to me the blameless spiritual knowledge (adhyātma). Having heard it, O Janārdana, I will pronounce either a blessing or a curse upon you.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्तङ्क (uttaṅka) - Uttanka

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - speak, tell

• केशव (keśava) - An address to Krishna (O Keśava)

• तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - truly, in reality, essentially

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अध्यात्मम् (adhyātmam) - spiritual knowledge, relating to the self

• अनिन्दितम् (aninditam) - blameless spiritual knowledge (blameless, irreproachable)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - a blessing (as opposed to a curse) (welfare, good fortune, blessing)

• अभिधास्यामि (abhidhāsyāmi) - I will pronounce, I will declare

• शापम् (śāpam) - curse

• वा (vā) - or

• ते (te) - upon you (implied) (to you, for your sake)

• जनार्दन (janārdana) - An address to Krishna (O Janārdana)

Words meanings and morphology

उत्तङ्क (uttaṅka) - Uttanka

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uttaṅka

uttaṅka - a proper noun, name of a sage

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √vac

Root: √vac (class 2)

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - speak, tell

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of √brū

Root: √brū (class 2)

केशव (keśava) - An address to Krishna (O Keśava)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa (meaning 'having fine hair' or 'slayer of the demon Keśī')

तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - truly, in reality, essentially

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - truth, reality, principle, essence

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'truly' or 'in its true nature'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'asi' or explicit 'brūhi' (you explain).

अध्यात्मम् (adhyātmam) - spiritual knowledge, relating to the self

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adhyātma

adhyātma - relating to the self or the supreme spirit, spiritual knowledge, inner self

Compound of adhi (over, concerning) and ātman (self, soul)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (adhi+ātman)

• adhi – over, above, concerning, spiritual
  indeclinable
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, breath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √an (class 2)

Note: Object of 'brūhi'.

अनिन्दितम् (aninditam) - blameless spiritual knowledge (blameless, irreproachable)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anindita

anindita - unblamed, irreproachable, faultless

compound involving a past passive participle

Compound of a (negation) and nindita (blamed, censured), from √nid/√nind (to blame)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nindita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• nindita – blamed, censured, reprehensible
  participle (neuter)
  past passive participle
  From √nind (to blame)
  Root: √nind (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'adhyātmam'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

From √śru (to hear) + ktvā pratyaya

Root: √śru (class 5)

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - a blessing (as opposed to a curse) (welfare, good fortune, blessing)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - superiority, excellence, welfare, good, blessing, prosperity

Comparative of śrī (prosperity, glory)

Note: Object of 'abhidhāsyāmi'.

अभिधास्यामि (abhidhāsyāmi) - I will pronounce, I will declare

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of √dhā

Prefix: abhi

Root: √dhā (class 3)

Note: Prefix abhi- (towards, concerning).

शापम् (śāpam) - curse

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāpa

śāpa - curse, imprecation

From √śap (to curse)

Root: √śap (class 1)

Note: Object of 'abhidhāsyāmi'.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'śreyas' and 'śāpam'.

ते (te) - upon you (implied) (to you, for your sake)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Alternate form for dative singular of yuṣmad, indicating recipient.

जनार्दन (janārdana) - An address to Krishna (O Janārdana)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa (meaning 'agitator of men' or 'punisher of evil men')