महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-53, verse-11

विद्धि मह्यं सुतं धर्ममग्रजं द्विजसत्तम ।
मानसं दयितं विप्र सर्वभूतदयात्मकम् ॥११॥

11. viddhi mahyaṁ sutaṁ dharmamagrajaṁ dvijasattama ,
mānasaṁ dayitaṁ vipra sarvabhūtadayātmakam.

11. viddhi mahyam sutam dharmam agrajam dvijasattama
mānasam dayitam vipra sarvabhūtadayātmakam

11. dvijasattama vipra mahyam agrajam mānasam
dayitam sarvabhūtadayātmakam dharmam sutam viddhi

11. O best among the twice-born (dvijasattama), O brahmin, know my son, the elder, mind-born, and beloved, whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is compassion for all beings.

Words meanings summery:

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

• मह्यम् (mahyam) - my (indicating possession of 'son') (for me, to me)

• सुतम् (sutam) - son (son, offspring)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - intrinsic nature (religious or moral law, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature, natural law)

• अग्रजम् (agrajam) - elder (son) (elder brother, first-born)

• द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among the twice-born (addressing a sage or Brahmin) (best among the twice-born (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas), best among birds, best among teeth)

• मानसम् (mānasam) - mind-born (mental, mind-born, belonging to the mind)

• दयितम् (dayitam) - beloved (beloved, dear, desired)

• विप्र (vipra) - O Brahmin (Brahmin, sage, inspired one)

• सर्वभूतदयात्मकम् (sarvabhūtadayātmakam) - whose nature is compassion for all beings

Words meanings and morphology

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative Mood, 2nd Person Singular, Parasmaipada

From root √vid (2nd class, adadi) 'to know'. Imperative form.

Root: vid (class 2)

मह्यम् (mahyam) - my (indicating possession of 'son') (for me, to me)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Dative singular form of the pronoun 'asmad'.

सुतम् (sutam) - son (son, offspring)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, offspring, born

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √sū (to give birth).

Root: sū (class 4)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - intrinsic nature (religious or moral law, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature, natural law)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - duty, righteousness, virtue, law, custom, intrinsic nature, natural law

From root √dhṛ (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

अग्रजम् (agrajam) - elder (son) (elder brother, first-born)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agraja

agraja - first-born, elder brother

Compound of 'agra' (first, foremost) and 'ja' (born).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agra+ja)

• agra – foremost, first, tip, front
  noun (neuter)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying 'sutam'.

द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among the twice-born (addressing a sage or Brahmin) (best among the twice-born (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas), best among birds, best among teeth)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best among the twice-born

Superlative compound of 'dvija' (twice-born) and 'sattama' (best).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'dvi' (two) and 'ja' (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama added to 'sat' (good, existing).

मानसम् (mānasam) - mind-born (mental, mind-born, belonging to the mind)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mānasa

mānasa - mental, spiritual, mind-born, belonging to the mind

Derived from 'manas' (mind).

Note: Adjective modifying 'sutam'.

दयितम् (dayitam) - beloved (beloved, dear, desired)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dayita

dayita - beloved, dear, desired

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle from root √day (to pity, to love, to be dear).

Root: day (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'sutam'.

विप्र (vipra) - O Brahmin (Brahmin, sage, inspired one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, sage, inspired, learned

सर्वभूतदयात्मकम् (sarvabhūtadayātmakam) - whose nature is compassion for all beings

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sarvabhūtadayātmaka

sarvabhūtadayātmaka - whose nature is compassion for all beings

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'sarva' (all) + 'bhūta' (beings) + 'dayā' (compassion) + 'ātmaka' (whose nature is).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sarva+bhūta+dayā+ātmaka)

• sarva – all, every, entire
  pronoun (masculine)
• bhūta – being, creature, element, past, existent
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √bhū (to be, to become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• dayā – compassion, pity, sympathy
  noun (feminine)
  From root √day (to pity).
  Root: day (class 1)
• ātmaka – whose nature is, consisting of, having the nature of
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix -ātmaka from 'ātman' (self).

Note: Adjective modifying 'sutam'.