महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-53, verse-2

वासुदेव उवाच ।
तमो रजश्च सत्त्वं च विद्धि भावान्मदाश्रयान् ।
तथा रुद्रान्वसूंश्चापि विद्धि मत्प्रभवान्द्विज ॥२॥

2. vāsudeva uvāca ,
tamo rajaśca sattvaṁ ca viddhi bhāvānmadāśrayān ,
tathā rudrānvasūṁścāpi viddhi matprabhavāndvija.

2. vāsudeva uvāca tamaḥ rajaḥ ca sattvam ca viddhi bhāvān
madāśrayān tathā rudrān vasūn ca api viddhi matprabhavān dvija

2. vāsudeva uvāca tvam bhāvān tamaḥ
rajaḥ ca sattvam ca madāśrayān
viddhi tathā dvija rudrān
vasūn ca api matprabhavān viddhi

2. Vāsudeva said: Know that inertia (tamas), passion (rajas), and goodness (sattva) are states of being dependent on Me. Similarly, O twice-born (dvija), know that the Rudras and Vasus also originate from Me.

Words meanings summery:

• वासुदेव (vāsudeva) - Kṛṣṇa (Vāsudeva)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तमः (tamaḥ) - the guṇa of inertia/darkness (inertia, darkness)

• रजः (rajaḥ) - the guṇa of passion/activity (passion, activity)

• च (ca) - and, also

• सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - the guṇa of goodness/purity (goodness, purity)

• च (ca) - and, also

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

• भावान् (bhāvān) - states of being (states, natures, dispositions)

• मदाश्रयान् (madāśrayān) - dependent on Me, having Me as their resort

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

• रुद्रान् (rudrān) - Rudras

• वसून् (vasūn) - Vasus

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

• मत्प्रभवान् (matprabhavān) - originating from Me, having Me as their source

• द्विज (dvija) - Addressed to Uttanika (O twice-born)

Words meanings and morphology

वासुदेव (vāsudeva) - Kṛṣṇa (Vāsudeva)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - son of Vasudeva, an epithet of Kṛṣṇa

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √vac

Root: √vac (class 2)

तमः (tamaḥ) - the guṇa of inertia/darkness (inertia, darkness)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, ignorance, inertia, one of the three guṇas

Note: Object of 'viddhi'.

रजः (rajaḥ) - the guṇa of passion/activity (passion, activity)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, gloom, passion, activity, one of the three guṇas

Note: Object of 'viddhi'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - the guṇa of goodness/purity (goodness, purity)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sattva

sattva - being, existence, essence, goodness, purity, one of the three guṇas

Note: Object of 'viddhi'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of √vid

Root: √vid (class 2)

भावान् (bhāvān) - states of being (states, natures, dispositions)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhāva

bhāva - being, existence, state, nature, disposition, sentiment

From √bhū (to be, exist)

Root: √bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of 'viddhi'.

मदाश्रयान् (madāśrayān) - dependent on Me, having Me as their resort

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of madāśraya

madāśraya - having Me as resort, dependent on Me

Compound of mat (Me, from asmad) and āśraya (refuge, dependence)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mat+āśraya)

• mat – Me, from Me
  pronoun
  Ablative singular of asmad (I)
• āśraya – refuge, support, dependence, resort
  noun (masculine)
  From ā-√śri (to resort to, depend on)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: √śri (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bhāvān'.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

(indeclinable)

रुद्रान् (rudrān) - Rudras

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rudra

rudra - a class of deities, often associated with storm, wind, and hunting; a name of Śiva

Root: √rud (class 2)

Note: Object of 'viddhi'.

वसून् (vasūn) - Vasus

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vasu

vasu - a class of deities, associated with wealth and light; wealthy, good, excellent

Note: Object of 'viddhi'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of √vid

Root: √vid (class 2)

मत्प्रभवान् (matprabhavān) - originating from Me, having Me as their source

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of matprabhava

matprabhava - originating from Me, having Me as their source

Compound of mat (Me, from asmad) and prabhava (origin, source)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mat+prabhava)

• mat – Me, from Me
  pronoun
  Ablative singular of asmad (I)
• prabhava – origin, source, birth, power
  noun (masculine)
  From pra-√bhū (to be, arise, originate)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: √bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rudrān' and 'vasūn'.

द्विज (dvija) - Addressed to Uttanika (O twice-born)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya), bird, tooth

From dvi (two) and √jan (to be born)