महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-3, verse-4

तपोभिः क्रतुभिश्चैव दानेन च युधिष्ठिर ।
तरन्ति नित्यं पुरुषा ये स्म पापानि कुर्वते ॥४॥

4. tapobhiḥ kratubhiścaiva dānena ca yudhiṣṭhira ,
taranti nityaṁ puruṣā ye sma pāpāni kurvate.

4. tapobhiḥ kratubhiḥ ca eva dānena ca yudhiṣṭhira
taranti nityam puruṣāḥ ye sma pāpāni kurvate

4. yudhiṣṭhira tapobhiḥ kratubhiḥ ca eva dānena ca
ye pāpāni kurvate sma puruṣāḥ nityam taranti

4. Through austerities (tapas), Vedic rituals, and charity (dāna), O Yudhiṣṭhira, people (puruṣa) who commit sins always overcome them.

Words meanings summery:

• तपोभिः (tapobhiḥ) - through austerities (tapas) (by austerities, by penances)

• क्रतुभिः (kratubhiḥ) - through Vedic rituals (by Vedic rituals, by sacrifices)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, emphasizing the means of overcoming sins (indeed, certainly, only)

• दानेन (dānena) - through charity (dāna) (by charity, by giving, by donation)

• च (ca) - and, also

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira, addressing the eldest Pandava brother (Yudhishthira (proper name))

• तरन्ति (taranti) - they overcome (sins) (they cross, they overcome, they pass over)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - people (puruṣa) (persons, human beings, males)

• ये (ye) - those who (commit sins) (who, which (relative pronoun))

• स्म (sma) - an emphatic particle for 'who commit' (an emphatic particle, indicates past tense with present verb)

• पापानि (pāpāni) - sins, evil deeds

• कुर्वते (kurvate) - they do, they perform, they make

Words meanings and morphology

तपोभिः (tapobhiḥ) - through austerities (tapas) (by austerities, by penances)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of tapas

tapas - heat, warmth; austerity, penance, spiritual discipline

From root 'tap' (to heat, suffer).

Root: tap (class 1)

क्रतुभिः (kratubhiḥ) - through Vedic rituals (by Vedic rituals, by sacrifices)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kratu

kratu - power, might; wisdom, understanding; (Vedic) ritual, sacrifice, ceremony

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, emphasizing the means of overcoming sins (indeed, certainly, only)

(indeclinable)

दानेन (dānena) - through charity (dāna) (by charity, by giving, by donation)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - giving, gift, donation, charity

From root 'dā' (to give).

Root: dā (class 3)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira, addressing the eldest Pandava brother (Yudhishthira (proper name))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle; a proper name, the eldest of the Pandavas

Compound of 'yudhi' (locative of yudh 'battle') and 'sthira' ('firm').

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

तरन्ति (taranti) - they overcome (sins) (they cross, they overcome, they pass over)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of tṛ

Present Active

3rd person plural, present tense, Parasmaipada (active voice) of root 'tṛ' (1st class).

Root: tṛ (class 1)

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter of 'nitya' used adverbially.

Note: Functions as an adverb.

पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - people (puruṣa) (persons, human beings, males)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, male, human being; the supreme cosmic person

ये (ye) - those who (commit sins) (who, which (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Nominative plural masculine form of the relative pronoun 'yad'.

Note: Agrees with 'puruṣāḥ'.

स्म (sma) - an emphatic particle for 'who commit' (an emphatic particle, indicates past tense with present verb)

(indeclinable)

पापानि (pāpāni) - sins, evil deeds

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of pāpa

pāpa - evil, wicked, bad; sin, vice

कुर्वते (kurvate) - they do, they perform, they make

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of kṛ

Present Middle

3rd person plural, present tense, Ātmanepada (middle voice) of root 'kṛ' (8th class).

Root: kṛ (class 8)