महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-3, verse-2

ईश्वरेण नियुक्तोऽयं साध्वसाधु च मानवः ।
करोति पुरुषः कर्म तत्र का परिदेवना ॥२॥

2. īśvareṇa niyukto'yaṁ sādhvasādhu ca mānavaḥ ,
karoti puruṣaḥ karma tatra kā paridevanā.

2. īśvareṇa niyuktaḥ ayam sādhvasādhu ca mānavaḥ
karoti puruṣaḥ karma tatra kā paridevanā

2. īśvareṇa niyuktaḥ ayam mānavaḥ puruṣaḥ
sādhvasādhu ca karma karoti tatra kā paridevanā

2. A human being (puruṣa), appointed by the Lord, performs both good and bad actions (karma). What cause for lamentation is there in that?

Words meanings summery:

• ईश्वरेण (īśvareṇa) - by the Lord, by God, by a master

• नियुक्तः (niyuktaḥ) - appointed by the Lord (appointed, engaged, assigned)

• अयम् (ayam) - this human being (this, he)

• साध्वसाधु (sādhvasādhu) - both good and bad (actions) (good and bad, righteous and unrighteous)

• च (ca) - and, connecting 'good' and 'bad' (and, also)

• मानवः (mānavaḥ) - human being, man

• करोति (karoti) - does, performs, makes

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a human being (puruṣa) (person, human being, supreme cosmic person)

• कर्म (karma) - actions or deeds performed (karma) (action, deed, work, ritual)

• तत्र (tatra) - in that (situation/regard) (there, in that place, in that matter)

• का (kā) - what (cause) (what, which (feminine))

• परिदेवना (paridevanā) - lamentation, complaint, regret

Words meanings and morphology

ईश्वरेण (īśvareṇa) - by the Lord, by God, by a master

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of īśvara

īśvara - Lord, master, ruler, god

From root 'īś' (to own, rule) with suffix -vara.

Root: īś (class 2)

नियुक्तः (niyuktaḥ) - appointed by the Lord (appointed, engaged, assigned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyukta

niyukta - appointed, enjoined, fixed, employed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'yuj' (to join, apply) with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'ayam mānavaḥ puruṣaḥ'.

अयम् (ayam) - this human being (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Nominative singular masculine form of the demonstrative pronoun 'idam'.

साध्वसाधु (sādhvasādhu) - both good and bad (actions) (good and bad, righteous and unrighteous)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sādhvasādhu

sādhvasādhu - good and bad, righteous and unrighteous, proper and improper

Dvandva compound of 'sādhu' (good) and 'asādhu' (bad). Vowel sandhi u+a=va is internal to the compound and not undone.

Compound type : dvandva (sādhu+asādhu)

• sādhu – good, proper, righteous, virtuous
  adjective (masculine)
• asādhu – bad, improper, unrighteous, wicked
  adjective (masculine)
  Negative compound of 'sādhu'.
  Prefix: a

Note: Syntactically agrees with 'karma' as accusative.

च (ca) - and, connecting 'good' and 'bad' (and, also)

(indeclinable)

मानवः (mānavaḥ) - human being, man

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mānava

mānava - human, man, descendant of Manu

Derived from 'manu' (man, humanity).

करोति (karoti) - does, performs, makes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of kṛ

Present Active

3rd person singular, present tense, Parasmaipada (active voice) of root 'kṛ' (8th class).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a human being (puruṣa) (person, human being, supreme cosmic person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, male, human being; the supreme cosmic person

कर्म (karma) - actions or deeds performed (karma) (action, deed, work, ritual)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, rite, ritual, fate, destiny (karma)

From root 'kṛ' (to do) + suffix -man.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तत्र (tatra) - in that (situation/regard) (there, in that place, in that matter)

(indeclinable)

Derived from the pronominal stem 'tad'.

का (kā) - what (cause) (what, which (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ka

ka - who, which, what (interrogative pronoun)

Nominative singular feminine form of the interrogative pronoun 'ka'.

Note: Agrees with 'paridevanā'.

परिदेवना (paridevanā) - lamentation, complaint, regret

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of paridevanā

paridevanā - lamentation, complaint, regret, weeping

From prefix 'pari' + root 'div' (to lament).

Prefix: pari

Root: div (class 1)