महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-78, verse-21

वैराटपृष्ठमुक्षाणं सर्वरत्नैरलंकृतम् ।
प्रदाय मरुतां लोकानजरान्प्रतिपद्यते ॥२१॥

21. vairāṭapṛṣṭhamukṣāṇaṁ sarvaratnairalaṁkṛtam ,
pradāya marutāṁ lokānajarānpratipadyate.

21. vairāṭa-pṛṣṭham ukṣāṇam sarva-ratnaiḥ alaṅkṛtam
pradāya marutām lokān ajarān pratipadyate

21. vairāṭa-pṛṣṭham sarva-ratnaiḥ alaṅkṛtam ukṣāṇam
pradāya (janaḥ) marutām ajarān lokān pratipadyate

21. By donating a broad-backed bull, adorned with all kinds of gems, one attains the undecaying worlds of the Maruts.

Words meanings summery:

• वैराटपृष्ठम् (vairāṭapṛṣṭham) - (a bull that is) broad-backed (having a broad back, having a magnificent back)

• उक्षाणम् (ukṣāṇam) - bull (bull, ox)

• सर्वरत्नैः (sarvaratnaiḥ) - with all kinds of gems (for adornment) (with all gems, with all kinds of jewels)

• अलङ्कृतम् (alaṅkṛtam) - (a bull that is) adorned (adorned, decorated)

• प्रदाय (pradāya) - by donating (having given, having bestowed)

• मरुताम् (marutām) - of the Maruts (of the Maruts (a class of storm deities))

• लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, abodes (worlds, realms, abodes)

• अजरान् (ajarān) - (worlds that are) undecaying, ageless (ageless, undecaying, not subject to old age)

• प्रतिपद्यते (pratipadyate) - attains (attains, reaches, obtains)

Words meanings and morphology

वैराटपृष्ठम् (vairāṭapṛṣṭham) - (a bull that is) broad-backed (having a broad back, having a magnificent back)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vairāṭapṛṣṭha

vairāṭapṛṣṭha - having a broad back, magnificent-backed (from virāṭa 'broad' or 'royal' and pṛṣṭha 'back')

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (virāṭa+pṛṣṭha)

• virāṭa – great, vast, splendid, king Virāṭa
  adjective/proper noun
• pṛṣṭha – back, surface, top
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies ukṣāṇam.

उक्षाणम् (ukṣāṇam) - bull (bull, ox)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ukṣan

ukṣan - bull, ox

Root: ukṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of pradāya.

सर्वरत्नैः (sarvaratnaiḥ) - with all kinds of gems (for adornment) (with all gems, with all kinds of jewels)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of sarvaratna

sarvaratna - all gems, all jewels

Karmadhāraya compound (sarvāṇi ratnāni)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+ratna)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective
• ratna – gem, jewel, treasure
  noun (neuter)

Note: Acts as the agent/means for alaṅkṛtam.

अलङ्कृतम् (alaṅkṛtam) - (a bull that is) adorned (adorned, decorated)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of alaṅkṛta

alaṅkṛta - adorned, decorated, ornamented

past passive participle

derived from verb alaṃ-kṛ (to adorn)

Prefix: alam

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies ukṣāṇam.

प्रदाय (pradāya) - by donating (having given, having bestowed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

formed from root dā with prefix pra and suffix -ya (after prefix)

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

मरुताम् (marutām) - of the Maruts (of the Maruts (a class of storm deities))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of marut

marut - wind, air; Marut (a class of storm deities)

Note: Possessive, related to lokān.

लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, abodes (worlds, realms, abodes)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, abode, people, space

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Object of pratipadyate.

अजरान् (ajarān) - (worlds that are) undecaying, ageless (ageless, undecaying, not subject to old age)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ajara

ajara - ageless, undecaying, not subject to old age

negation of jara (old age)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jara)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negating prefix
• jara – old age, decay
  noun (feminine)
  Root: jṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies lokān.

प्रतिपद्यते (pratipadyate) - attains (attains, reaches, obtains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of prati-pad

present active

derived from root pad with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: The subject 'one' (janaḥ) is implied.