महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-49, verse-26

कानीनाध्यूढजौ चापि विज्ञेयौ पुत्रकिल्बिषौ ।
तावपि स्वाविव सुतौ संस्कार्याविति निश्चयः ॥२६॥

26. kānīnādhyūḍhajau cāpi vijñeyau putrakilbiṣau ,
tāvapi svāviva sutau saṁskāryāviti niścayaḥ.

26. kānīnādhyūḍhajau ca api vijñeyau putrakilbiṣau
tau api svau iva sutau saṃskāryau iti niścayaḥ

26. kānīnādhyūḍhajau ca api putrakilbiṣau vijñeyau.
tau api svau sutau iva saṃskāryau iti niścayaḥ

26. Both the son born to an unmarried girl (kānīna) and the son born to a woman before her husband's second marriage ceremony (adhyūḍhaja) are to be known as sons, albeit with minor faults. Nevertheless, these two should also undergo the purifying ritual (saṃskāra) just like one's own legitimate sons; this is the established rule.

Words meanings summery:

• कानीनाध्यूढजौ (kānīnādhyūḍhajau) - Two specific categories of sons with a slightly irregular birth status according to ancient legal texts. (the kānīna and adhyūḍhaja (types of sons))

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even

• विज्ञेयौ (vijñeyau) - to be known, should be understood

• पुत्रकिल्बिषौ (putrakilbiṣau) - Sons who, despite being acknowledged, carry certain legal or social imperfections due to their irregular birth circumstances. (sons with faults/defects)

• तौ (tau) - Referring to the `kānīna` and `adhyūḍhaja` sons. (those two, they two)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• स्वौ (svau) - Like one's own biological or fully legitimate sons. (one's own (two))

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• सुतौ (sutau) - two sons

• संस्कार्यौ (saṁskāryau) - Must undergo the purifying ritual (saṃskāra). (to be consecrated, to be purified)

• इति (iti) - Marks the conclusion of a statement or a definitive rule. (thus, so, this is)

• निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - This is a definitive legal pronouncement or established tradition. (determination, certainty, established rule)

Words meanings and morphology

कानीनाध्यूढजौ (kānīnādhyūḍhajau) - Two specific categories of sons with a slightly irregular birth status according to ancient legal texts. (the kānīna and adhyūḍhaja (types of sons))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kānīnādhyūḍhaja

kānīnādhyūḍhaja - the kānīna (son of an unmarried girl) and adhyūḍhaja (son born to a woman before her husband's second marriage ceremony)

Dvanda compound of `kānīna` and `adhyūḍhaja`.

Compound type : dvandva (kānīna+adhyūḍhaja)

• kānīna – born of an unmarried woman; a maiden's son
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from `kanyā` (maiden).
• adhyūḍhaja – son born to a woman whose husband has taken a second wife before her proper ceremony; or born before a complete marriage ceremony
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpuruṣa compound: `adhi` (over, in addition) + `ūḍha` (married) + `ja` (born).
  Prefix: adhi

Note: This is a dual form of the dvandva compound `kānīnādhyūḍhaja`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

विज्ञेयौ (vijñeyau) - to be known, should be understood

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vijñeya

vijñeya - to be known, knowable, comprehensible

Gerundive

Derived from root `jñā` (to know) with prefix `vi`. Gerundive form.

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

पुत्रकिल्बिषौ (putrakilbiṣau) - Sons who, despite being acknowledged, carry certain legal or social imperfections due to their irregular birth circumstances. (sons with faults/defects)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of putrakilbiṣa

putrakilbiṣa - son with a defect/fault/sin

Tatpuruṣa compound: `putra` (son) + `kilbiṣa` (fault).

Compound type : tatpurusha (putra+kilbiṣa)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• kilbiṣa – fault, defect, sin, guilt
  noun (neuter)

तौ (tau) - Referring to the `kānīna` and `adhyūḍhaja` sons. (those two, they two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

स्वौ (svau) - Like one's own biological or fully legitimate sons. (one's own (two))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sva

sva - own, one's own, self

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

सुतौ (sutau) - two sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of suta

suta - son, child

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `sū` (to bear, produce).

Root: sū (class 2)

संस्कार्यौ (saṁskāryau) - Must undergo the purifying ritual (saṃskāra). (to be consecrated, to be purified)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of saṃskārya

saṁskārya - to be prepared, to be consecrated, to be purified

Gerundive

Derived from `saṃs-kṛ` (to prepare, purify). Gerundive form.

Prefix: sam

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इति (iti) - Marks the conclusion of a statement or a definitive rule. (thus, so, this is)

(indeclinable)

निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - This is a definitive legal pronouncement or established tradition. (determination, certainty, established rule)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niścaya

niścaya - determination, certainty, decision, conviction

Derived from `ni-ci` (to ascertain).

Prefix: ni

Root: ci (class 5)