महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-49, verse-10

मागधो वामकश्चैव द्वौ वैश्यस्योपलक्षितौ ।
ब्राह्मण्यां क्षत्रियायां च क्षत्रियस्यैक एव तु ॥१०॥

10. māgadho vāmakaścaiva dvau vaiśyasyopalakṣitau ,
brāhmaṇyāṁ kṣatriyāyāṁ ca kṣatriyasyaika eva tu.

10. māgadhaḥ vāmakaḥ ca eva dvau vaiśyasya upalakṣitau
brāhmaṇyām kṣatriyāyām ca kṣatriyasy ekaḥ eva tu

10. māgadhaḥ vāmakaḥ ca eva dvau vaiśyasya brāhmaṇyām
kṣatriyāyām ca upalakṣitau kṣatriyasy tu ekaḥ eva (putraḥ)

10. The Māgadha and also the Vāmaka, these two, are identified as (sons) of a vaiśya (man, born) from a brahmin woman and a kshatriya woman (respectively). However, only one (such mixed offspring) of a kshatriya (man) (is specified here).

Words meanings summery:

• मागधः (māgadhaḥ) - The Māgadha, a specific type of mixed caste offspring. (a native of Magadha, a bard, a specific mixed caste)

• वामकः (vāmakaḥ) - The Vāmaka, a specific type of mixed caste offspring. (a Vāmaka (a mixed caste, a kind of attendant, a servant))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - also (indeed, only, certainly)

• द्वौ (dvau) - these two (Māgadha and Vāmaka) (two (masculine))

• वैश्यस्य (vaiśyasya) - of a vaiśya (man, father) (of a vaiśya)

• उपलक्षितौ (upalakṣitau) - are identified (as these two sons) (distinguished, identified, observed (dual))

• ब्राह्मण्याम् (brāhmaṇyām) - from a brahmin woman (mother) (in/from a brahmin woman)

• क्षत्रियायाम् (kṣatriyāyām) - from a kshatriya woman (mother) (in/from a kshatriya woman)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a kshatriya (man, father) (of a kshatriya)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - only one (type of offspring) (one, a single)

• एव (eva) - only (indeed, only, certainly)

• तु (tu) - however, but (but, indeed, however)

Words meanings and morphology

मागधः (māgadhaḥ) - The Māgadha, a specific type of mixed caste offspring. (a native of Magadha, a bard, a specific mixed caste)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of māgadha

māgadha - a native of Magadha, a bard, a mixed caste (Vaiśya father + Kṣatriya mother, or Vaiśya father + Brāhmaṇa mother in this text)

From 'magadha' (name of a country/people).

वामकः (vāmakaḥ) - The Vāmaka, a specific type of mixed caste offspring. (a Vāmaka (a mixed caste, a kind of attendant, a servant))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāmaka

vāmaka - a kind of attendant, servant; a mixed caste mentioned in some texts, possibly related to 'vama' (left/reverse order). Here, identified as born from a Vaiśya man and a Kṣatriya woman.

Root: vam (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Connective particle.

एव (eva) - also (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

द्वौ (dvau) - these two (Māgadha and Vāmaka) (two (masculine))

(numeral adjective)

वैश्यस्य (vaiśyasya) - of a vaiśya (man, father) (of a vaiśya)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vaiśya

vaiśya - a man of the third social class (varṇa), merchant, farmer

From 'viś' (people, community).

Root: viś (class 6)

उपलक्षितौ (upalakṣitau) - are identified (as these two sons) (distinguished, identified, observed (dual))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of upalakṣita

upalakṣita - observed, marked, distinguished, indicated, implied

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'lakṣ' with prefix 'upa'.

Prefix: upa

Root: lakṣ (class 1)

ब्राह्मण्याम् (brāhmaṇyām) - from a brahmin woman (mother) (in/from a brahmin woman)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of brāhmaṇī

brāhmaṇī - a brahmin woman

Feminine form of 'brāhmaṇa'.

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Denotes the mother for Māgadha.

क्षत्रियायाम् (kṣatriyāyām) - from a kshatriya woman (mother) (in/from a kshatriya woman)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kṣatriyā

kṣatriyā - a kshatriya woman

Feminine form of 'kṣatriya'.

Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Denotes the mother for Vāmaka.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Connective particle.

क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a kshatriya (man, father) (of a kshatriya)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a man of the warrior/ruling class (varṇa)

From 'kṣatra' (rule, dominion).

Root: kṣi (class 1)

एकः (ekaḥ) - only one (type of offspring) (one, a single)

(numeral adjective)

एव (eva) - only (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

तु (tu) - however, but (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Adversative or emphatic particle.