महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-49, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
ब्रूहि पुत्रान्कुरुश्रेष्ठ वर्णानां त्वं पृथक्पृथक् ।
कीदृश्यां कीदृशाश्चापि पुत्राः कस्य च के च ते ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
brūhi putrānkuruśreṣṭha varṇānāṁ tvaṁ pṛthakpṛthak ,
kīdṛśyāṁ kīdṛśāścāpi putrāḥ kasya ca ke ca te.

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca brūhi putrān kuruśreṣṭha varṇānām tvam
pṛthak pṛthak kīdṛśyām kīdṛśāḥ ca api putrāḥ kasya ca ke ca te

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca kuruśreṣṭha tvam varṇānām putrān pṛthak
pṛthak brūhi kīdṛśyām ca api kīdṛśāḥ putrāḥ kasya ca ke ca te

1. Yudhishthira said: "O best among the Kurus, please explain to me, individually, about the children of the different social classes (varṇa). What kind of children are born from what kind of woman, and who are they, and to whom do they belong?"

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - the eldest Pandava brother, Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - Yudhishthira said (said, spoke)

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - please explain or tell (tell, speak, say)

• पुत्रान् (putrān) - the children (male and female offspring are implied by 'putra' in a broader sense) (sons, children)

• कुरुश्रेष्ठ (kuruśreṣṭha) - O Bhishma, who is considered the best among the Kuru dynasty members (O best among Kurus)

• वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - concerning the various social classes (varṇa) (of the social classes, of the colors)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (addressing Bhishma) (you)

• पृथक् (pṛthak) - individually, one by one (separately, individually, apart)

• पृथक् (pṛthak) - individually, one by one (separately, individually, apart)

• कीदृश्याम् (kīdṛśyām) - from what type of woman (in what kind (of woman))

• कीदृशाः (kīdṛśāḥ) - what kind of children (are they) (what kind (of sons))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - and also (also, even)

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - the children, offspring (sons, children)

• कस्य (kasya) - to whom (do they belong) (whose, of whom)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• के (ke) - who are they (who (plural))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• ते (te) - they (the children) (they, those)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - the eldest Pandava brother, Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira, steady in battle

उवाच (uvāca) - Yudhishthira said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - please explain or tell (tell, speak, say)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

पुत्रान् (putrān) - the children (male and female offspring are implied by 'putra' in a broader sense) (sons, children)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child, offspring

कुरुश्रेष्ठ (kuruśreṣṭha) - O Bhishma, who is considered the best among the Kuru dynasty members (O best among Kurus)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kuruśreṣṭha

kuruśreṣṭha - best among the Kurus

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kuru+śreṣṭha)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king and his dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, pre-eminent
  adjective (masculine)

वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - concerning the various social classes (varṇa) (of the social classes, of the colors)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of varṇa

varṇa - color, outward appearance, social class, caste, quality

Root: vṛ (class 9)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (addressing Bhishma) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

पृथक् (pṛthak) - individually, one by one (separately, individually, apart)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used twice for emphasis: 'separately, separately'

पृथक् (pṛthak) - individually, one by one (separately, individually, apart)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used twice for emphasis: 'separately, separately'

कीदृश्याम् (kīdṛśyām) - from what type of woman (in what kind (of woman))

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kīdṛś

kīdṛś - of what kind, of what sort, how

Note: Refers to a woman, implied by context of sons/lineage

कीदृशाः (kīdṛśāḥ) - what kind of children (are they) (what kind (of sons))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kīdṛś

kīdṛś - of what kind, of what sort, how

Note: Qualifies putrāḥ

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - and also (also, even)

(indeclinable)

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - the children, offspring (sons, children)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child, offspring

कस्य (kasya) - to whom (do they belong) (whose, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

के (ke) - who are they (who (plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they (the children) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they