महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-142, verse-8

स च तान्ब्राह्मणानाह धनी कपवचो यथा ।
भवद्भिः सदृशाः सर्वे कपाः किमिह वर्तते ॥८॥

8. sa ca tānbrāhmaṇānāha dhanī kapavaco yathā ,
bhavadbhiḥ sadṛśāḥ sarve kapāḥ kimiha vartate.

8. sa ca tān brāhmaṇān āha dhanī kapavacaḥ yathā |
bhavadbhiḥ sadṛśāḥ sarve kapāḥ kim iha vartate

8. sa ca dhanī kapavacaḥ yathā tān brāhmaṇān āha
sarve kapāḥ bhavadbhiḥ sadṛśāḥ kim iha vartate

8. And that wealthy (messenger) spoke to those brahmins according to the words of the Kapas, (saying): "All Kapas are similar to you (brahmins). What is happening here?"

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - the messenger (he, that)

• च (ca) - and, also

• तान् (tān) - the brahmins (those, them)

• ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - the brahmins

• आह (āha) - he said, he spoke

• धनी (dhanī) - the wealthy messenger (wealthy, rich)

• कपवचः (kapavacaḥ) - the words of the Kapas

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

• भवद्भिः (bhavadbhiḥ) - by you (brahmins) (by you (respectful plural))

• सदृशाः (sadṛśāḥ) - similar, like, resembling

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (the) Kapas (all, every)

• कपाः (kapāḥ) - the Kapas

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• वर्तते (vartate) - is, exists, happens, revolves

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - the messenger (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the clauses.

तान् (tān) - the brahmins (those, them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that

Note: Object of 'āha'.

ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - the brahmins

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - brahmin, priestly class

From brahman.

Note: Object of 'āha'.

आह (āha) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of ah

Perfect active 3rd singular

From root ah (an alternative to brū, vac), irregular perfect form.

Root: ah (class 2)

Note: Subject is 'sa' (the messenger).

धनी (dhanī) - the wealthy messenger (wealthy, rich)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanin

dhanin - wealthy, rich, possessing wealth

From dhana (wealth) + suffix -in.

कपवचः (kapavacaḥ) - the words of the Kapas

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kapavacas

kapavacas - words of the Kapas, speech of the Kapas

Compound formed from kapa (proper noun) + vacas (speech, word).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kapa+vacas)

• kapa – a class of demons/people (proper noun)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vacas – speech, word, utterance
  noun (neuter)
  From root vac.
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Acts as object or adverbially.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

(indeclinable)

Adverbial particle.

Note: Connects the speech to its source.

भवद्भिः (bhavadbhiḥ) - by you (brahmins) (by you (respectful plural))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (polite)

Present active participle of bhū (to be), used as a polite pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used with 'sadṛśāḥ'.

सदृशाः (sadṛśāḥ) - similar, like, resembling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sadṛśa

sadṛśa - similar, like, resembling

Compound formed from sa (with) + dṛś (sight, appearance).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+dṛś)

• sa – with, together
  indeclinable
• dṛśa – appearance, sight
  noun (masculine)
  From root dṛś (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kapāḥ'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (the) Kapas (all, every)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

कपाः (kapāḥ) - the Kapas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kapa

kapa - a class of demons/people (proper noun)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

किम् (kim) - what, why

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, why, which

Interrogative pronoun/adverb.

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the current situation/place.

वर्तते (vartate) - is, exists, happens, revolves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present middle 3rd singular

From root vṛt (vṛtt), atmanepada.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the question.