महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-142, verse-7

ततः कर्म समारब्धं ब्राह्मणैः कपनाशनम् ।
तच्छ्रुत्वा प्रेषितो दूतो ब्राह्मणेभ्यो धनी कपैः ॥७॥

7. tataḥ karma samārabdhaṁ brāhmaṇaiḥ kapanāśanam ,
tacchrutvā preṣito dūto brāhmaṇebhyo dhanī kapaiḥ.

7. tataḥ karma samārabdham brāhmaṇaiḥ kapanāśanam |
tat śrutvā preṣitaḥ dūtaḥ brāhmaṇebhyaḥ dhanī kapaiḥ

7. tataḥ kapanāśanam karma brāhmaṇaiḥ samārabdham tat
śrutvā dūtaḥ dhanī kapaiḥ brāhmaṇebhyaḥ preṣitaḥ

7. Thereupon, the ritual for the destruction of the Kapas was commenced by the brahmins. Having heard that, a wealthy messenger was sent by the Kapas to the brahmins.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon, then, from that

• कर्म (karma) - the ritual (yajña) (action, deed, ritual)

• समारब्धम् (samārabdham) - commenced, undertaken

• ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by the brahmins

• कपनाशनम् (kapanāśanam) - for the destruction of Kapas, destroying Kapas

• तत् (tat) - that (the commencement of the ritual) (that)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• प्रेषितः (preṣitaḥ) - sent, dispatched

• दूतः (dūtaḥ) - messenger, envoy

• ब्राह्मणेभ्यः (brāhmaṇebhyaḥ) - to the brahmins

• धनी (dhanī) - wealthy, rich

• कपैः (kapaiḥ) - by the Kapas

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon, then, from that

(indeclinable)

Adverbial derivation from tad.

Note: Indicates sequence of events.

कर्म (karma) - the ritual (yajña) (action, deed, ritual)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, ritual (yajña)

From root kṛ (to do), suffix -man.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of the passive sentence.

समारब्धम् (samārabdham) - commenced, undertaken

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samārabdha

samārabdha - commenced, begun, undertaken

Past Passive Participle

From upasargas sam-ā + root rabh (to undertake).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'karma'.

ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by the brahmins

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - brahmin, priestly class

From brahman (holy power, sacred utterance), with suffix -a.

कपनाशनम् (kapanāśanam) - for the destruction of Kapas, destroying Kapas

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kapanāśana

kapanāśana - destroyer of Kapas

Compound formed from kapa (proper noun) + nāśana (destroying).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kapa+nāśana)

• kapa – a class of demons/people (proper noun)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nāśana – destroying, causing to perish
  adjective (neuter)
  Agent noun/adjective
  From root naś (to perish, destroy), causal form nāśayati, with suffix -ana.
  Root: naś (class 4)

तत् (tat) - that (the commencement of the ritual) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root śru, suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Indicates a preceding action.

प्रेषितः (preṣitaḥ) - sent, dispatched

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of preṣita

preṣita - sent, dispatched

Past Passive Participle

From upasarga pra + root iṣ (to send).

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'dūtaḥ'.

दूतः (dūtaḥ) - messenger, envoy

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dūta

dūta - messenger, envoy

From root dū (to go, to move).

Root: dū (class 1)

ब्राह्मणेभ्यः (brāhmaṇebhyaḥ) - to the brahmins

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - brahmin, priestly class

From brahman.

Note: Recipient of the messenger.

धनी (dhanī) - wealthy, rich

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanin

dhanin - wealthy, rich, possessing wealth

From dhana (wealth) + suffix -in.

कपैः (kapaiḥ) - by the Kapas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kapa

kapa - a class of demons/people (proper noun)

Note: Agent in passive sentence 'preṣitaḥ'.