महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-142, verse-15

धनी गत्वा कपानाह न वो विप्राः प्रियंकराः ।
गृहीत्वास्त्राण्यथो विप्रान्कपाः सर्वे समाद्रवन् ॥१५॥

15. dhanī gatvā kapānāha na vo viprāḥ priyaṁkarāḥ ,
gṛhītvāstrāṇyatho viprānkapāḥ sarve samādravan.

15. dhanin gatvā kapān āha na vaḥ viprāḥ priyaṃkarāḥ
gṛhītvā astrāṇi atha u viprān kapāḥ sarve samādravan

15. dhanin gatvā kapān āha vaḥ viprāḥ priyaṃkarāḥ na
atha u sarve kapāḥ astrāṇi gṛhītvā viprān samādravan

15. The messenger (dhani), having gone, said to the Kapas, "The brahmins are not beneficial to you." Then, all the Kapas took up their weapons and rushed towards the brahmins.

Words meanings summery:

• धनिन् (dhanin) - The messenger addressed in the previous verse, now acting as an envoy. (a wealthy person, a messenger)

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

• कपान् (kapān) - to the Kapas

• आह (āha) - he said

• न (na) - not

• वः (vaḥ) - to you, your

• विप्राः (viprāḥ) - brahmins

• प्रियंकराः (priyaṁkarāḥ) - benevolent, pleasing, beneficial

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, seizing

• अस्त्राणि (astrāṇi) - weapons

• अथ (atha) - then, next

• उ (u) - and, indeed, moreover (particle)

• विप्रान् (viprān) - to the brahmins

• कपाः (kapāḥ) - Kapas

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• समाद्रवन् (samādravan) - they rushed

Words meanings and morphology

धनिन् (dhanin) - The messenger addressed in the previous verse, now acting as an envoy. (a wealthy person, a messenger)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanin

dhanin - wealthy, rich person; a possessor of wealth

noun from dhana (wealth) + -in (possessive suffix)

Note: `dhanī` is the strong stem nominative singular.

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

from √gam + -tvā

Root: gam (class 1)

कपान् (kapān) - to the Kapas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kapa

kapa - monkey, a specific tribe or group of people (contextual)

Note: Object of the verb `āha` (said to).

आह (āha) - he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of brū

Perfect active third person singular

irregular perfect form from √brū or √ah

Root: brū (class 2)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

वः (vaḥ) - to you, your

(pronoun)

plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural)

Note: Here, likely dative 'to you' or genitive 'your'.

विप्राः (viprāḥ) - brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vipra

vipra - a brahmin, inspired, wise

प्रियंकराः (priyaṁkarāḥ) - benevolent, pleasing, beneficial

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of priyaṃkara

priyaṁkara - doing good, pleasing, beneficial, affectionate

compound of priyam (dear/pleasing) and kara (making/doing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (priya+kara)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing
  adjective
• kara – making, doing, causing
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  from √kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, seizing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

from √gṛh + -tvā

Root: gṛh (class 9)

अस्त्राणि (astrāṇi) - weapons

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of astra

astra - weapon, missile

Note: Object of `gṛhītvā`.

अथ (atha) - then, next

(indeclinable)

Note: Combines with 'u' for 'atho'.

उ (u) - and, indeed, moreover (particle)

(indeclinable)

विप्रान् (viprān) - to the brahmins

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vipra

vipra - a brahmin, inspired, wise

Note: Object of `samādravan`.

कपाः (kapāḥ) - Kapas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kapa

kapa - monkey, a specific tribe or group of people (contextual)

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with `kapāḥ`.

समाद्रवन् (samādravan) - they rushed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of sam-ā-dru

Imperfect active third person plural

from √dru with prefixes sam- and ā-

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dru (class 1)