महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-141, verse-1

भीष्म उवाच ।
इत्युक्तस्त्वर्जुनस्तूष्णीमभूद्वायुस्तमब्रवीत् ।
शृणु मे हैहयश्रेष्ठ कर्मात्रेः सुमहात्मनः ॥१॥

1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
ityuktastvarjunastūṣṇīmabhūdvāyustamabravīt ,
śṛṇu me haihayaśreṣṭha karmātreḥ sumahātmanaḥ.

1. bhīṣma uvāca iti uktaḥ tu arjunaḥ tūṣṇīm abhūt vāyuḥ tam
abravīt śṛṇu me haihayaśreṣṭha karma atreḥ sumahātmanaḥ

1. bhīṣma uvāca.
iti uktaḥ arjunaḥ tu tūṣṇīm abhūt.
vāyuḥ tam abravīt.
he haihayaśreṣṭha,
me atreḥ sumahātmanaḥ karma śṛṇu.

1. Bhīṣma said: Having been thus addressed, Arjuna remained silent. Vāyu then said to him: 'Listen to me, O best among the Haihayas, about the deeds (karma) of the exceedingly great-souled Atri.'

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma (Bhīṣma (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner (thus, in this manner, so (marker for quotation))

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (to Arjuna) (spoken, said, addressed)

• तु (tu) - then, indeed (but, indeed, however, then)

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (Arjuna (proper name))

• तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīm) - silently (silently, quietly)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - remained, became (he was, he became)

• वायुः (vāyuḥ) - Vāyu (the deity) (wind, Vāyu (proper name of the deity))

• तम् (tam) - him (Arjuna) (him, that)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said (he said, he spoke)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (to me) (listen, hear (imperative))

• मे (me) - to me (to me, my)

• हैहयश्रेष्ठ (haihayaśreṣṭha) - O best among the Haihayas (a lineage of kings) (O best of Haihayas)

• कर्म (karma) - deeds (actions) (deed, action, work, ritual)

• अत्रेः (atreḥ) - of the sage Atri (of Atri)

• सुमहात्मनः (sumahātmanaḥ) - of the exceedingly great-souled (Atri) (of the great-souled, of the noble-minded)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma (Bhīṣma (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (name of a prominent character in the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense

Perfect form of root vac (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner (thus, in this manner, so (marker for quotation))

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to 'uktaḥ'

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (to Arjuna) (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'arjunaḥ'

तु (tu) - then, indeed (but, indeed, however, then)

(indeclinable)

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (Arjuna (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pāṇḍava prince); white, clear

Note: Subject of abhūt

तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīm) - silently (silently, quietly)

(indeclinable)

अभूत् (abhūt) - remained, became (he was, he became)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (luṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Tense

Augmented aorist form of root bhū (class 1)

Root: bhū (class 1)

वायुः (vāyuḥ) - Vāyu (the deity) (wind, Vāyu (proper name of the deity))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air; Vāyu (deity)

Root: vā (class 2)

Note: Subject of abravīt

तम् (tam) - him (Arjuna) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Arjuna

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Tense

Root bru (class 2)

Root: brū (class 2)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (to me) (listen, hear (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Root śru (class 5)

Root: śru (class 5)

मे (me) - to me (to me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Enclitic form

हैहयश्रेष्ठ (haihayaśreṣṭha) - O best among the Haihayas (a lineage of kings) (O best of Haihayas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of haihayaśreṣṭha

haihayaśreṣṭha - best among the Haihayas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (haihaya+śreṣṭha)

• haihaya – name of a race or kingdom
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, superior
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative of praśasya (praiseworthy)

कर्म (karma) - deeds (actions) (deed, action, work, ritual)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - deed, action, work, ritual

Derived from root kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of śṛṇu

अत्रेः (atreḥ) - of the sage Atri (of Atri)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of atri

atri - Atri (name of a Vedic sage and one of the Saptarṣis)

Note: Possessive of karma

सुमहात्मनः (sumahātmanaḥ) - of the exceedingly great-souled (Atri) (of the great-souled, of the noble-minded)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sumahātman

sumahātman - exceedingly great-souled, noble-minded

Compound: su (good/exceedingly) + mahātman (great-souled)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+mahātman)

• su – good, well, exceedingly, greatly
  indeclinable
  prefix
• mahātman – great-souled, noble, magnanimous
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound: mahā (great) + ātman (soul/self)

Note: Agrees with atreḥ