महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-100, verse-20

ते यद्वदेयुस्तत्कुर्यादिति धर्मो विधीयते ।
गृहस्थः पुरुषः कृष्ण शिष्टाशी च सदा भवेत् ॥२०॥

20. te yadvadeyustatkuryāditi dharmo vidhīyate ,
gṛhasthaḥ puruṣaḥ kṛṣṇa śiṣṭāśī ca sadā bhavet.

20. te yat vadeyuḥ tat kuryāt iti dharmaḥ vidhīyate
gṛhasthaḥ puruṣaḥ kṛṣṇa śiṣṭāśī ca sadā bhavet

20. yat te vadeyuḥ tat kuryāt iti dharmaḥ vidhīyate
kṛṣṇa gṛhasthaḥ puruṣaḥ ca sadā śiṣṭāśī bhavet

20. Whatever they say, that one should do; this is how the natural law (dharma) is prescribed. O Kṛṣṇa, a householder (gṛhastha puruṣa) should always partake only of the remnants (of offerings).

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they (referring to the ācārya, pitṛ, etc. from previous verse) (they)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what)

• वदेयुः (vadeyuḥ) - they should speak, they should say

• तत् (tat) - that (what they say) (that, therefore)

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - one should do, he should do

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness)

• विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed, is enjoined, is ordained

• गृहस्थः (gṛhasthaḥ) - householder

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person (puruṣa) (person, man, male, spirit (puruṣa))

• कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - O Kṛṣṇa (O Kṛṣṇa, black, dark)

• शिष्टाशी (śiṣṭāśī) - one who partakes of the remnants (of offerings) (one who eats remnants, one who eats what is left over)

• च (ca) - and

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

• भवेत् (bhavet) - one should be, may he be, should happen

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they (referring to the ācārya, pitṛ, etc. from previous verse) (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Relative pronoun.

Note: Direct object of 'vadeyuḥ'.

वदेयुः (vadeyuḥ) - they should speak, they should say

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vad

Optative Active

From root 'vad' (to speak), parasmaipada, 3rd person plural, optative mood.

Root: vad (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that (what they say) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Direct object of 'kuryāt'.

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - one should do, he should do

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Optative Active

From root 'kṛ' (to do), parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, optative mood.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The implied subject is 'one' (a householder).

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Quotation marker.

Root: i (class 2)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution

From root 'dhṛ' (to sustain, to uphold) + 'man' suffix.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'vidhīyate'.

विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed, is enjoined, is ordained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vidhā

Present Passive

From root 'dhā' (to place, hold) with prefix 'vi', ātmanepada, 3rd person singular, passive voice.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

गृहस्थः (gṛhasthaḥ) - householder

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gṛhastha

gṛhastha - householder (one who lives in a house)

Compound: 'gṛha' (house) + 'stha' (standing, staying).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (gṛha+stha)

• gṛha – house, home
  noun (neuter)
  Root: gṛh (class 9)
• stha – standing, staying, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  nominal derivative from root
  From root 'sthā' (to stand) + 'a' suffix.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of the second sentence.

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person (puruṣa) (person, man, male, spirit (puruṣa))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, male, person, spirit, soul, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)

Possibly from 'pṛ' (to fill) + 'uṣa' or 'pur' (city) + 'ṣa' (dweller).

Root: pṛ (class 3)

Note: Appositive to 'gṛhasthaḥ'.

कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - O Kṛṣṇa (O Kṛṣṇa, black, dark)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Kṛṣṇa (proper noun), black, dark

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

शिष्टाशी (śiṣṭāśī) - one who partakes of the remnants (of offerings) (one who eats remnants, one who eats what is left over)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śiṣṭāśin

śiṣṭāśin - one who eats remnants (śiṣṭa) of a meal, especially after it has been offered.

Compound: 'śiṣṭa' (remnant) + 'āśin' (eater). 'āśin' from 'aś' (to eat) + 'in' suffix.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śiṣṭa+āśin)

• śiṣṭa – left, remaining, remnant, excellent, learned
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'śiṣ' (to leave, to remain) + 'kta' suffix.
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)
• āśin – eater, consumer
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root 'aś' (to eat) + 'ṇini' suffix.
  Root: aś (class 5)

Note: Predicate adjective/noun for 'gṛhasthaḥ puruṣaḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

Note: Adverb modifying 'bhavet'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - one should be, may he be, should happen

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative Active

From root 'bhū' (to be), parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, optative mood.

Root: bhū (class 1)