महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-100, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
गार्हस्थ्यं धर्ममखिलं प्रब्रूहि भरतर्षभ ।
ऋद्धिमाप्नोति किं कृत्वा मनुष्य इह पार्थिव ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
gārhasthyaṁ dharmamakhilaṁ prabrūhi bharatarṣabha ,
ṛddhimāpnoti kiṁ kṛtvā manuṣya iha pārthiva.

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca gārhasthyaṃ dharmam akhilaṃ prabrūhi
bharata-ṛṣabha ṛddhim āpnoti kiṃ kṛtvā manuṣyaḥ iha pārthiva

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca: bharata-ṛṣabha,
pārthiva,
akhilaṃ gārhasthyaṃ dharmam prabrūhi.
iha manuṣyaḥ kiṃ kṛtvā ṛddhim āpnoti?

1. Yudhishthira said: O best of Bharatas, O king, please fully explain the householder's (dharma). What must a person do in this world to attain prosperity?

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• गार्हस्थ्यं (gārhasthyaṁ) - the householder's life, the state of a householder

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma), duty, constitution

• अखिलं (akhilaṁ) - entire, all, complete

• प्रब्रूहि (prabrūhi) - please explain, tell in detail

• भरत-ऋषभ (bharata-ṛṣabha) - O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas

• ऋद्धिम् (ṛddhim) - prosperity, success, abundance

• आप्नोति (āpnoti) - attains, obtains, reaches

• किं (kiṁ) - what?

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, by doing

• मनुष्यः (manuṣyaḥ) - a human being, man, person

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king, O ruler

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (eldest of the Pandavas)

Means "firm in battle" (yudhi-sthira).

Compound type : Aluk-Tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative of yudh (battle).
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root √sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect, Parasmaipada

Reduplicated perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

गार्हस्थ्यं (gārhasthyaṁ) - the householder's life, the state of a householder

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gārhasthya

gārhasthya - householder's state or duty, domestic life

Derived from gṛhastha (householder) + suffix -ya.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma), duty, constitution

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, intrinsic nature, virtue, religion

Derived from root √dhṛ (to uphold, sustain).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Appears to be in apposition to gārhasthyaṃ or specifying what kind of gārhasthyaṃ.

अखिलं (akhilaṁ) - entire, all, complete

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of akhila

akhila - entire, whole, complete, without defect

Compound, a- (not) + khila (gap, empty space).

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+khila)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• khila – gap, vacant land, defect
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies gārhasthyaṃ dharmaṃ.

प्रब्रूहि (prabrūhi) - please explain, tell in detail

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative, Parasmaipada

Imperative mood, second person singular, with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: The verb directed at the interlocutor (Bhishma).

भरत-ऋषभ (bharata-ṛṣabha) - O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharata-ṛṣabha

bharata-ṛṣabha - best of Bharatas, eminent among Bharatas

Compound.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a Bharata
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Bhishma.

ऋद्धिम् (ṛddhim) - prosperity, success, abundance

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ṛddhi

ṛddhi - prosperity, success, increase, growth, wealth

Derived from root √ṛdh (to prosper).

Root: ṛdh (class 4)

आप्नोति (āpnoti) - attains, obtains, reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of āp

Present, Parasmaipada

Root verb with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

किं (kiṁ) - what?

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why

Note: Object of kṛtvā (what having done).

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, by doing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root √kṛ (to do, make) + suffix -tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Connects to āpnoti.

मनुष्यः (manuṣyaḥ) - a human being, man, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manuṣya

manuṣya - human being, man, person, mankind

Derived from manu.

Note: Subject of āpnoti.

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

Note: Adverb of place/context.

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king, O ruler

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - relating to the earth, earthy, a king, a ruler, a prince

Derived from pṛthivī (earth) + -a.

Note: Addressed to Bhishma.