महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-100, verse-18

अनित्यं हि स्थितो
यस्मात्तस्मादतिथिरुच्यते ॥१८॥

18. anityaṁ hi sthito
yasmāttasmādatithirucyate.

18. anityam hi sthitaḥ yasmāt
tasmāt atithiḥ ucyate

18. hi yasmāt anityam sthitaḥ
tasmāt atithiḥ ucyate

18. Indeed, because one's stay is not permanent, for that reason, such a person is called a guest.

Words meanings summery:

• अनित्यम् (anityam) - not permanent, transient, temporary

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - one who stays (situated, standing, staying, existing)

• यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from which, because of which, since

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that, therefore, for that reason

• अतिथिः (atithiḥ) - guest, stranger, one who comes without a fixed date

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

Words meanings and morphology

अनित्यम् (anityam) - not permanent, transient, temporary

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anitya

anitya - not eternal, transient, perishable

Formed from 'na' (not) + 'nitya' (eternal/permanent)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+nitya)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
• nitya – constant, perpetual, eternal, always
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'nī' (to lead) + 'tya' suffix.
  Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially as predicate.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

Particle

Note: Emphatic particle.

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - one who stays (situated, standing, staying, existing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, staying, situated, established

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sthā' (to stand) + 'kta' suffix.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used actively here, refers to the implied subject 'one'.

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from which, because of which, since

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Relative pronoun.

Note: Used correlatively with 'tasmāt'.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that, therefore, for that reason

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Used correlatively with 'yasmāt'.

अतिथिः (atithiḥ) - guest, stranger, one who comes without a fixed date

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atithi

atithi - guest, stranger, one who has no fixed date/time ('a' + 'tithi')

Formed from 'a' (not) + 'tithi' (date).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tithi)

• a – not, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• tithi – lunar day, date
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate nominative.

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present Passive

From root 'vac' (to speak), ātmanepada, 3rd person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)