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12,90

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-90, verse-7

कृषिगोरक्ष्यवाणिज्यं लोकानामिह जीवनम् ।
ऊर्ध्वं चैव त्रयी विद्या सा भूतान्भावयत्युत ॥७॥
7. kṛṣigorakṣyavāṇijyaṁ lokānāmiha jīvanam ,
ūrdhvaṁ caiva trayī vidyā sā bhūtānbhāvayatyuta.
7. kṛṣi gorakṣya vāṇijyam lokānām iha jīvanam
ūrdhvam ca eva trayī vidyā sā bhūtān bhāvayati uta
7. iha lokānām kṛṣi gorakṣya vāṇijyam jīvanam ca
eva ūrdhvam trayī vidyā sā uta bhūtān bhāvayati
7. Agriculture, protection of cows (gorakṣya), and commerce are the means of livelihood for people in this world. And indeed, the higher threefold knowledge (Vedic knowledge), that (knowledge) also sustains all beings.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • कृषि (kṛṣi) - agriculture, farming
  • गोरक्ष्य (gorakṣya) - cow protection, protection of cattle
  • वाणिज्यम् (vāṇijyam) - commerce, trade
  • लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of people, of the worlds
  • इह (iha) - here, in this world
  • जीवनम् (jīvanam) - livelihood, means of living, life
  • ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - higher, above, superior
  • (ca) - and, also
  • एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
  • त्रयी (trayī) - threefold, triple (referring to the three Vedas)
  • विद्या (vidyā) - knowledge, learning, science
  • सा (sā) - that, she
  • भूतान् (bhūtān) - beings, creatures, living things
  • भावयति (bhāvayati) - sustains, nourishes, causes to grow, makes to be
  • उत (uta) - also, moreover, and

Words meanings and morphology

कृषि (kṛṣi) - agriculture, farming
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛṣi
kṛṣi - agriculture, plowing
from root kṛṣ
Root: kṛṣ (class 1)
Note: Part of a compound noun phrase, implicitly nominative singular.
गोरक्ष्य (gorakṣya) - cow protection, protection of cattle
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of gorakṣya
gorakṣya - cow protection, tending cattle
from go (cow) + rakṣya (to be protected)
Compound type : tatpurusha (go+rakṣya)
  • go – cow, ox
    noun (feminine)
  • rakṣya – to be protected
    adjective (neuter)
    Gerundive
    from root rakṣ + ya suffix
    Root: rakṣ (class 1)
Note: Part of a compound noun phrase.
वाणिज्यम् (vāṇijyam) - commerce, trade
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of vāṇijya
vāṇijya - commerce, trade, mercantile pursuit
from vaṇij (merchant)
Note: Forms a list with `kṛṣi` and `gorakṣya`, all functioning as subjects of `jīvanam`.
लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of people, of the worlds
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of loka
loka - world, people, mankind
Root: lok (class 1)
इह (iha) - here, in this world
(indeclinable)
जीवनम् (jīvanam) - livelihood, means of living, life
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of jīvana
jīvana - life, livelihood, means of existence
from root jīv
Root: jīv (class 1)
Note: Predicate nominative.
ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - higher, above, superior
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverbial accusative of `ūrdhva`.
(ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle.
त्रयी (trayī) - threefold, triple (referring to the three Vedas)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of trayī
trayī - the three (Vedas), threefold
feminine form of `traya` (group of three)
Note: Acts as an adjective to `vidyā` but is often substantivized to mean 'Vedic knowledge'.
विद्या (vidyā) - knowledge, learning, science
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of vidyā
vidyā - knowledge, learning, science, discipline
from root vid
Root: vid (class 2)
सा (sā) - that, she
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers back to `trayī vidyā`.
भूतान् (bhūtān) - beings, creatures, living things
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of bhūta
bhūta - being, creature, element, past
Past Passive Participle
from root bhū + kta suffix
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Object of `bhāvayati`.
भावयति (bhāvayati) - sustains, nourishes, causes to grow, makes to be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū
Causative
causative of root bhū
Root: bhū (class 1)
उत (uta) - also, moreover, and
(indeclinable)