महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-12, chapter-90, verse-17
अमात्यानां च सर्वेषां मध्यस्थानां च सर्वशः ।
ये च त्वाभिप्रशंसेयुर्निन्देयुरथ वा पुनः ।
सर्वान्सुपरिणीतांस्तान्कारयेत युधिष्ठिर ॥१७॥
ये च त्वाभिप्रशंसेयुर्निन्देयुरथ वा पुनः ।
सर्वान्सुपरिणीतांस्तान्कारयेत युधिष्ठिर ॥१७॥
17. amātyānāṁ ca sarveṣāṁ madhyasthānāṁ ca sarvaśaḥ ,
ye ca tvābhipraśaṁseyurnindeyuratha vā punaḥ ,
sarvānsupariṇītāṁstānkārayeta yudhiṣṭhira.
ye ca tvābhipraśaṁseyurnindeyuratha vā punaḥ ,
sarvānsupariṇītāṁstānkārayeta yudhiṣṭhira.
17.
amātyānām ca sarveṣām madhyasthānām
ca sarvaśaḥ | ye ca tvā abhipraśaṃseyuḥ
nindeyuḥ atha vā punaḥ | sarvān
supariṇītān tān kārayeta yudhiṣṭhira
ca sarvaśaḥ | ye ca tvā abhipraśaṃseyuḥ
nindeyuḥ atha vā punaḥ | sarvān
supariṇītān tān kārayeta yudhiṣṭhira
17.
yudhiṣṭhira sarveṣām amātyānām ca
sarvaśaḥ madhyasthānām ca ye ca tvā
abhipraśaṃseyuḥ atha vā punaḥ nindeyuḥ
tān sarvān supariṇītān kārayeta
sarvaśaḥ madhyasthānām ca ye ca tvā
abhipraśaṃseyuḥ atha vā punaḥ nindeyuḥ
tān sarvān supariṇītān kārayeta
17.
O Yudhishthira, you should ensure that all ministers and all neutral individuals—both those who might praise you and those who might criticize you—are thoroughly tested and well-suited (for their roles), and then employ them.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अमात्यानाम् (amātyānām) - of ministers (of ministers, of counselors)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all (of all, of everyone)
- मध्यस्थानाम् (madhyasthānām) - of neutral individuals (of neutral persons, of mediators, of those in the middle)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - in every respect, of all kinds (wholly, entirely, in every way)
- ये (ye) - those who (who, which (masc. pl. nom.))
- च (ca) - both, and (and, also)
- त्वा (tvā) - you (you (accusative singular))
- अभिप्रशंसेयुः (abhipraśaṁseyuḥ) - they might praise (they should praise, they would praise)
- निन्देयुः (nindeyuḥ) - they might criticize (they should blame, they would criticize)
- अथ (atha) - or (then, now, moreover, or)
- वा (vā) - or (or, either)
- पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further (again, furthermore, on the other hand)
- सर्वान् (sarvān) - all of them (all (masc. pl. acc.))
- सुपरिणीतान् (supariṇītān) - thoroughly tested and well-suited (well-conducted, well-trained, well-appointed, well-examined)
- तान् (tān) - those (them (masc. pl. acc.))
- कारयेत (kārayeta) - you should employ (them) (he should cause to do, he should employ, he should make (them) act)
- युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (proper noun))
Words meanings and morphology
अमात्यानाम् (amātyānām) - of ministers (of ministers, of counselors)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of amātya
amātya - minister, counselor, associate
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all (of all, of everyone)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole
Note: Qualifies 'amātyānām' and 'madhyasthānām'.
मध्यस्थानाम् (madhyasthānām) - of neutral individuals (of neutral persons, of mediators, of those in the middle)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of madhyastha
madhyastha - standing in the middle, neutral, impartial, mediator
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhya+stha)
- madhya – middle, central, impartial
noun (neuter) - stha – standing, staying, situated
adjective
From root 'sthā' (to stand)
Root: sthā (class 1)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - in every respect, of all kinds (wholly, entirely, in every way)
(indeclinable)
Suffix -śas expressing distribution or manner
Note: Often used to emphasize 'all'.
ये (ye) - those who (who, which (masc. pl. nom.))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yad
yad - who, which, what
Note: Refers to 'amātyānām' and 'madhyasthānām'.
च (ca) - both, and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction for the two actions (praising/censuring).
त्वा (tvā) - you (you (accusative singular))
(pronoun)
Accusative, singular of tvam
tvam - you
Note: An alternative form of tvām.
अभिप्रशंसेयुः (abhipraśaṁseyuḥ) - they might praise (they should praise, they would praise)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of abhipraśaṃs
Optative 3rd plural active
Prefixes: abhi+pra
Root: śaṃs (class 1)
Note: Root śaṃs (to praise) with prefixes abhi and pra.
निन्देयुः (nindeyuḥ) - they might criticize (they should blame, they would criticize)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of nind
Optative 3rd plural active
Root: nind (class 1)
अथ (atha) - or (then, now, moreover, or)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used here to connect alternatives with 'vā'.
वा (vā) - or (or, either)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used for disjunction.
पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further (again, furthermore, on the other hand)
(indeclinable)
Note: Reinforces the alternative.
सर्वान् (sarvān) - all of them (all (masc. pl. acc.))
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole
Note: Direct object of 'kārayeta'.
सुपरिणीतान् (supariṇītān) - thoroughly tested and well-suited (well-conducted, well-trained, well-appointed, well-examined)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of supariṇīta
supariṇīta - well-conducted, well-disciplined, well-trained, well-appointed, thoroughly examined
Past Passive Participle
From √nī (to lead) with prefixes pari and su
Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+pariṇīta)
- su – good, well, excellent
indeclinable
Prefix meaning 'well' or 'good' - pariṇīta – led, conducted, disciplined, trained, appointed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From √nī (to lead) with prefix pari
Prefix: pari
Root: nī (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'sarvān'.
तान् (tān) - those (them (masc. pl. acc.))
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
Note: Correlative to 'ye', refers to the ministers and neutral persons.
कारयेत (kārayeta) - you should employ (them) (he should cause to do, he should employ, he should make (them) act)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ
Causative optative 3rd singular active
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: The subject is implied, "he" (Yudhishthira).
युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (proper noun))
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira
yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pandava brother, meaning 'firm in battle')
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yudhi+sthira)
- yudhi – in battle
noun (feminine)
Locative singular of yudh (battle) - sthira – firm, steady, stable
adjective (masculine)
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Address to Yudhishthira.