महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-90, verse-13

आत्मानं सर्वतो रक्षन्राजा रक्षेत मेदिनीम् ।
आत्ममूलमिदं सर्वमाहुर्हि विदुषो जनाः ॥१३॥

13. ātmānaṁ sarvato rakṣanrājā rakṣeta medinīm ,
ātmamūlamidaṁ sarvamāhurhi viduṣo janāḥ.

13. ātmānam sarvataḥ rakṣan rājā rakṣeta medinīm
| ātma-mūlam idam sarvam āhuḥ hi viduṣaḥ janāḥ

13. rājā sarvataḥ ātmānam rakṣan medinīm rakṣeta
hi viduṣaḥ janāḥ idam sarvam ātma-mūlam āhuḥ

13. A king, by protecting his own person (ātman) in every respect, should protect his land. Indeed, knowledgeable people say that all this (kingdom and its prosperity) is rooted in the king's own self (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself (the king's person) (oneself, the self, the soul)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - in every respect, from all sides (from all sides, entirely, everywhere)

• रक्षन् (rakṣan) - protecting (himself) (protecting, guarding)

• राजा (rājā) - a king (a king, ruler)

• रक्षेत (rakṣeta) - should protect (should protect, may protect)

• मेदिनीम् (medinīm) - his land (kingdom) (the earth, land, ground)

• आत्म-मूलम् (ātma-mūlam) - having its root in the king's own self (rooted in the self, having the self as its origin)

• इदम् (idam) - this (kingdom/realm) (this, this one)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (of this) (all, every, whole)

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say (they say, they speak)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because, certainly)

• विदुषः (viduṣaḥ) - knowledgeable (people) (wise, knowing, learned (person))

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people (people, men, folk)

Words meanings and morphology

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself (the king's person) (oneself, the self, the soul)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, vital breath, essence, the ultimate reality (brahman)

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - in every respect, from all sides (from all sides, entirely, everywhere)

(indeclinable)

Derived from sarva (all) with the suffix tas.

रक्षन् (rakṣan) - protecting (himself) (protecting, guarding)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rakṣat

rakṣat - protecting, guarding, a protector

Present Active Participle

Derived from root rakṣ (to protect) with śatṛ suffix.

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies rājā.

राजा (rājā) - a king (a king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

रक्षेत (rakṣeta) - should protect (should protect, may protect)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of rakṣ

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Used to express a command, wish, or possibility.

मेदिनीम् (medinīm) - his land (kingdom) (the earth, land, ground)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of medinī

medinī - the earth, land, ground, soil

Note: Object of rakṣeta.

आत्म-मूलम् (ātma-mūlam) - having its root in the king's own self (rooted in the self, having the self as its origin)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ātma-mūla

ātma-mūla - rooted in the self, having the self as its origin

Compound formed from ātman and mūla.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+mūla)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)
• mūla – root, origin, foundation
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate of idam sarvam.

इदम् (idam) - this (kingdom/realm) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Note: Refers to the kingdom or all affairs related to governance.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (of this) (all, every, whole)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say (they say, they speak)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

Irregular perfect forms.

Root: ah (class 2)

Note: The root ah is defective.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because, certainly)

(indeclinable)

विदुषः (viduṣaḥ) - knowledgeable (people) (wise, knowing, learned (person))

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidvas

vidvas - wise, knowing, learned, a wise person

Perfect Active Participle

Derived from root vid (to know) with vasu suffix.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Qualifies janāḥ.

जनाः (janāḥ) - people (people, men, folk)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - man, person, people, creature

Root: jan (class 4)