महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-63, verse-7

तस्माद्धर्मो विहितो ब्राह्मणस्य दमः शौचं चार्जवं चापि राजन् ।
तथा विप्रस्याश्रमाः सर्व एव पुरा राजन्ब्रह्मणा वै निसृष्टाः ॥७॥

7. tasmāddharmo vihito brāhmaṇasya; damaḥ śaucaṁ cārjavaṁ cāpi rājan ,
tathā viprasyāśramāḥ sarva eva; purā rājanbrahmaṇā vai nisṛṣṭāḥ.

7. tasmāt dharmaḥ vihitaḥ brāhmaṇasya
damaḥ śaucam ca ārjavam ca api
rājan tathā viprasya āśramāḥ sarve
eva purā rājan brahmaṇā vai nisṛṣṭāḥ

7. tasmāt,
rājan! brāhmaṇasya dharmaḥ damaḥ śaucam ca ārjavam ca api vihitaḥ.
tathā,
rājan! viprasya sarve eva āśramāḥ purā brahmaṇā vai nisṛṣṭāḥ.

7. Therefore, O King, the natural law (dharma) prescribed for a Brahmin is self-control, purity, and straightforwardness. Similarly, O King, all the stages of life (āśramas) for a Brahmin were indeed ordained by Brahmā in ancient times.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the natural law (dharma) / duty (natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness)

• विहितः (vihitaḥ) - prescribed (ordained, prescribed, enjoined)

• ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - for a Brahmin (of a Brahmin)

• दमः (damaḥ) - self-control (self-control, restraint)

• शौचम् (śaucam) - purity (purity, cleanliness)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• आर्जवम् (ārjavam) - straightforwardness (straightforwardness, honesty, sincerity)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative) (O king)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, in the same way)

• विप्रस्य (viprasya) - for a Brahmin (of a Brahmin)

• आश्रमाः (āśramāḥ) - the stages of life (āśramas) (stages of life)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, everyone)

• एव (eva) - indeed (only, indeed, just)

• पुरा (purā) - in ancient times (formerly, anciently, in the past)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative) (O king)

• ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā (the creator deity) (by Brahmā)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly)

• निसृष्टाः (nisṛṣṭāḥ) - ordained (created, sent forth, ordained)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter, ablative singular, used adverbially.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the natural law (dharma) / duty (natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue

Masculine noun, nominative singular.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject.

विहितः (vihitaḥ) - prescribed (ordained, prescribed, enjoined)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihita

vihita - ordained, prescribed, arranged, performed

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā (to place, arrange) with upasarga vi-. Masculine, nominative singular.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with `dharmaḥ`.

ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - for a Brahmin (of a Brahmin)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, member of the priestly class

Masculine noun, genitive singular.

Note: Possessive or dative equivalent.

दमः (damaḥ) - self-control (self-control, restraint)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-control, restraint, subjugation

Masculine noun, nominative singular.

Root: dam (class 1)

Note: Part of the list defining `dharma`.

शौचम् (śaucam) - purity (purity, cleanliness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śauca

śauca - purity, cleanliness, integrity

Neuter noun, nominative singular.

Note: Part of the list defining `dharma`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

आर्जवम् (ārjavam) - straightforwardness (straightforwardness, honesty, sincerity)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ārjava

ārjava - straightforwardness, honesty, sincerity, uprightness

Neuter noun, nominative singular. Derived from ṛju (straight).

Note: Part of the list defining `dharma`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Masculine noun, vocative singular.

तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, in the same way)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates a parallel statement.

विप्रस्य (viprasya) - for a Brahmin (of a Brahmin)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, learned man, sage

Masculine noun, genitive singular.

Note: Used in the sense of 'for a Brahmin'.

आश्रमाः (āśramāḥ) - the stages of life (āśramas) (stages of life)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āśrama

āśrama - stage of life, hermitage, abode

Masculine noun, nominative plural.

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Subject.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, everyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Universal pronoun, masculine, nominative plural.

Note: Agrees with `āśramāḥ`.

एव (eva) - indeed (only, indeed, just)

(indeclinable)

पुरा (purā) - in ancient times (formerly, anciently, in the past)

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Masculine noun, vocative singular.

ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā (the creator deity) (by Brahmā)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the creator god), sacred word, absolute reality (brahman)

Masculine noun, instrumental singular.

Note: Agent in passive construction.

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

निसृष्टाः (nisṛṣṭāḥ) - ordained (created, sent forth, ordained)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nisṛṣṭa

nisṛṣṭa - sent forth, created, ordained, permitted

Past Passive Participle

From root sṛj (to create, send forth) with upasarga nis-. Masculine, nominative plural.

Prefix: nis

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Agrees with `āśramāḥ`.