महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-63, verse-30

यथा जीवाः प्रकृतौ वध्यमाना धर्माश्रितानामुपपीडनाय ।
एवं धर्मा राजधर्मैर्वियुक्ताः सर्वावस्थं नाद्रियन्ते स्वधर्मम् ॥३०॥

30. yathā jīvāḥ prakṛtau vadhyamānā; dharmāśritānāmupapīḍanāya ,
evaṁ dharmā rājadharmairviyuktāḥ; sarvāvasthaṁ nādriyante svadharmam.

30. yathā jīvāḥ prakṛtau vadhyamānāḥ
dharmāśritānām upapīḍanāya evam
dharmāḥ rājadharmaiḥ viyukṭāḥ
sarvāvastham na ādriyante svadharmam

30. yathā prakṛtau vadhyamānāḥ jīvāḥ
dharmāśritānām upapīḍanāya evam
rājadharmaiḥ viyukṭāḥ dharmāḥ
sarvāvastham svadharmam na ādriyante

30. Just as living beings, when entangled in material nature (prakṛti), cause suffering to those who adhere to natural law (dharma), so too, natural laws (dharma) that are separated from the royal constitution (rājadharma) do not uphold their own intrinsic nature (svadharma) in any circumstance.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

• जीवाः (jīvāḥ) - living beings, souls

• प्रकृतौ (prakṛtau) - in nature, in material nature

• वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being entangled (in nature) (being bound, being harmed, being afflicted)

• धर्माश्रितानाम् (dharmāśritānām) - of those who rely on dharma, of those adhering to natural law

• उपपीडनाय (upapīḍanāya) - for the oppression, for the affliction

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in the same way, so

• धर्माः (dharmāḥ) - natural laws, intrinsic natures, duties

• राजधर्मैः (rājadharmaiḥ) - by/from the duties of kings, by/from the royal constitution

• वियुक्टाः (viyukṭāḥ) - separated, dissociated, disjoined

• सर्वावस्थम् (sarvāvastham) - in every state/condition, in all circumstances

• न (na) - not

• आद्रियन्ते (ādriyante) - they regard, they respect, they uphold

• स्वधर्मम् (svadharmam) - one's own intrinsic nature/duty, one's own constitution

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

जीवाः (jīvāḥ) - living beings, souls

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jīva

jīva - living being, soul, life, existence

Derived from root 'jīv' (to live).

Root: jīv (class 1)

प्रकृतौ (prakṛtau) - in nature, in material nature

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, material nature, original form, disposition

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to make, do) with prefix 'pra' and suffix 'ktin' (क्ति).

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being entangled (in nature) (being bound, being harmed, being afflicted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being harmed, being afflicted, being bound

Present Passive Participle

Formed from the root 'vadh' (to strike, kill, harm) in the passive voice with the suffix 'śānac' (मान). Sometimes related to 'badh' (to bind) in the passive/causative.

Root: vadh (class 1)

धर्माश्रितानाम् (dharmāśritānām) - of those who rely on dharma, of those adhering to natural law

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dharmāśrita

dharmāśrita - relying on dharma, adhering to righteousness, supported by natural law

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+āśrita)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to uphold) with suffix 'man' (मन्).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• āśrita – dependent on, supported by, resorting to
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from root 'śri' (to resort to) with prefix 'ā' and suffix 'kta' (त).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śri (class 1)

उपपीडनाय (upapīḍanāya) - for the oppression, for the affliction

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of upapīḍana

upapīḍana - oppression, harassment, affliction, suffering

Derived from root 'pīḍ' (to vex, oppress) with prefix 'upa' and suffix 'lyuṭ' (अन).

Prefix: upa

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in the same way, so

(indeclinable)

धर्माः (dharmāḥ) - natural laws, intrinsic natures, duties

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness

Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to uphold) with suffix 'man' (मन्).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

राजधर्मैः (rājadharmaiḥ) - by/from the duties of kings, by/from the royal constitution

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rājadharma

rājadharma - duty of a king, royal law, regal constitution

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+dharma)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to uphold) with suffix 'man' (मन्).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

वियुक्टाः (viyukṭāḥ) - separated, dissociated, disjoined

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viyukta

viyukta - separated, disunited, disjoined, deprived of

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'yuj' (to join) with prefix 'vi' and suffix 'kta' (त).

Prefix: vi

Root: yuj (class 7)

सर्वावस्थम् (sarvāvastham) - in every state/condition, in all circumstances

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarvāvastha

sarvāvastha - in every state, in every condition, in all circumstances

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+avasthā)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• avasthā – state, condition, situation
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'ava'.
  Prefix: ava
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आद्रियन्ते (ādriyante) - they regard, they respect, they uphold

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of ādṛ

Root 'dṛ' (to regard, attend to) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: dṛ (class 6)

स्वधर्मम् (svadharmam) - one's own intrinsic nature/duty, one's own constitution

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svadharma

svadharma - one's own natural law, intrinsic duty, personal constitution

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+dharma)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to uphold) with suffix 'man' (मन्).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)