महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-63, verse-17

पालयित्वा प्रजाः सर्वा धर्मेण वदतां वर ।
राजसूयाश्वमेधादीन्मखानन्यांस्तथैव च ॥१७॥

17. pālayitvā prajāḥ sarvā dharmeṇa vadatāṁ vara ,
rājasūyāśvamedhādīnmakhānanyāṁstathaiva ca.

17. pālayitvā prajāḥ sarvāḥ dharmeṇa vadatām vara
rājasūya-aśvamedha-ādīn makhān anyān tathā eva ca

17. vadataṃ vara sarvāḥ prajāḥ dharmeṇa pālayitvā
rājasūya-aśvamedha-ādīn anyān makhān tathā eva ca

17. O best of speakers, having protected all subjects according to natural law (dharma), and having performed the Rājasūya, Aśvamedha, and other such sacrifices...

Words meanings summery:

• पालयित्वा (pālayitvā) - having ruled/governed (having protected, having guarded, having ruled)

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects (subjects, people, progeny)

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all (all, every)

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by natural law (dharma) (by natural law (dharma), by righteousness, by duty)

• वदताम् (vadatām) - of speakers (of those who speak)

• वर (vara) - best (best, excellent, boon, choice)

• राजसूय-अश्वमेध-आदीन् (rājasūya-aśvamedha-ādīn) - the Rājasūya, Aśvamedha, and other (sacrifices)

• मखान् (makhān) - sacrifices (sacrifices, festivals)

• अन्यान् (anyān) - other (sacrifices) (other, different)

• तथा (tathā) - and (thus, so, in that manner, and)

• एव (eva) - also, certainly (indeed, only, just, also)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

पालयित्वा (pālayitvā) - having ruled/governed (having protected, having guarded, having ruled)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Derived from the causal stem of the root 'pā' (to protect, govern) with the suffix '-itvā'.

Root: pāl (class 1)

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects (subjects, people, progeny)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, subjects, people

Note: Can also be nominative plural, but context suggests accusative as object of 'pālayitvā'.

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all (all, every)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, entire, every

Note: Agrees with 'prajāḥ'.

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by natural law (dharma) (by natural law (dharma), by righteousness, by duty)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue, religion

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

वदताम् (vadatām) - of speakers (of those who speak)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vadat

vadat - speaking, speaker

Present active participle

Derived from root 'vad' (to speak) with suffix '-at'.

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Used in the vocative compound 'vadatām vara'.

वर (vara) - best (best, excellent, boon, choice)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, chosen, boon

Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Part of vocative compound 'vadatām vara' (O best of speakers).

राजसूय-अश्वमेध-आदीन् (rājasūya-aśvamedha-ādīn) - the Rājasūya, Aśvamedha, and other (sacrifices)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rājasūya-aśvamedha-ādi

rājasūya-aśvamedha-ādi - beginning with Rājasūya and Aśvamedha (types of sacrifices)

Compound noun ending in 'ādi' (etc., beginning with).

Compound type : Dvandva (or Tatpurusha ending with Adi) (rājasūya+aśvamedha+ādi)

• rājasūya – imperial consecration sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
• aśvamedha – horse sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
• ādi – beginning, and so on, etc.
  indeclinable / noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the sacrifices mentioned.

मखान् (makhān) - sacrifices (sacrifices, festivals)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of makha

makha - sacrifice, festival, feast

Root: magh

Note: Refers to the various sacrifices.

अन्यान् (anyān) - other (sacrifices) (other, different)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, different, another

तथा (tathā) - and (thus, so, in that manner, and)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - also, certainly (indeed, only, just, also)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)