महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-63, verse-13

अल्पान्तरगतस्यापि दशधर्मगतस्य वा ।
आश्रमा विहिताः सर्वे वर्जयित्वा निराशिषम् ॥१३॥

13. alpāntaragatasyāpi daśadharmagatasya vā ,
āśramā vihitāḥ sarve varjayitvā nirāśiṣam.

13. alpāntaragtasya api daśadharmagatasya vā
āśramāḥ vihitāḥ sarve varjayitvā nirāśiṣam

13. nirāśiṣam varjayitvā alpāntaragtasya api
vā daśadharmagatasya sarve āśramāḥ vihitāḥ

13. All the stages of life (āśrama) are prescribed even for one who has spent only a short period (in a stage), or one who has attained the ten virtues (dharma), with the exception of one who is entirely without desires.

Words meanings summery:

• अल्पान्तरग्तस्य (alpāntaragtasya) - of one who has spent only a short period (in a life stage) (of one who has attained a small interval/duration; of one who has made little progress)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• दशधर्मगतस्य (daśadharmagatasya) - of one who has attained the ten virtues (dharma) (of one who has attained the ten virtues/duties)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• आश्रमाः (āśramāḥ) - stages of life (āśrama) (stages of life; hermitages)

• विहिताः (vihitāḥ) - prescribed (prescribed, ordained, arranged, performed)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

• वर्जयित्वा (varjayitvā) - excluding (excluding, leaving aside)

• निराशिषम् (nirāśiṣam) - one who is entirely without desires (one who is without desires/hopes)

Words meanings and morphology

अल्पान्तरग्तस्य (alpāntaragtasya) - of one who has spent only a short period (in a life stage) (of one who has attained a small interval/duration; of one who has made little progress)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of alpāntaragata

alpāntaragata - one who has entered a small interval; one who has achieved little; one who is young

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'alpa-antara' and 'gata'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (alpa+antara+gata)

• alpa – small, little, few
  adjective
• antara – interval, difference, space, inside
  noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, reached, attained, obtained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go) in the past passive participle form
  Root: gam (class 1)

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

दशधर्मगतस्य (daśadharmagatasya) - of one who has attained the ten virtues (dharma) (of one who has attained the ten virtues/duties)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of daśadharmagata

daśadharmagata - one who has attained/fulfilled the ten principles of natural law or duties

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'daśadharma' and 'gata'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daśadharma+gata)

• daśadharma – the ten virtues/duties; the ten characteristics of dharma
  noun (masculine)
  Bahuvrihi compound of 'daśa' (ten) and 'dharma' (natural law/virtue)
• gata – gone, reached, attained, obtained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go) in the past passive participle form
  Root: gam (class 1)

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

आश्रमाः (āśramāḥ) - stages of life (āśrama) (stages of life; hermitages)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āśrama

āśrama - stage of life, hermitage, abode

Derived from root 'śram' (to toil, exert) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: śram (class 1)

विहिताः (vihitāḥ) - prescribed (prescribed, ordained, arranged, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vihita

vihita - prescribed, ordained, appointed, performed, arranged

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'dhā' (to place, arrange) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

वर्जयित्वा (varjayitvā) - excluding (excluding, leaving aside)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the causal of root 'vṛj' (to avoid, abandon)

Root: vṛj (class 1)

निराशिषम् (nirāśiṣam) - one who is entirely without desires (one who is without desires/hopes)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirāśiṣ

nirāśiṣ - without desires, without hopes, disinterested

Bahuvrihi compound of 'nir' (without) and 'āśiṣ' (desire/hope).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+āśiṣ)

• nis – out, without, away from
  indeclinable
  Prefix/indeclinable. The 's' changes to 'r' or drops based on sandhi rules.
• āśiṣ – desire, hope, blessing
  noun (feminine)