महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-63, verse-15

कृतकृत्यो वयोतीतो राज्ञः कृतपरिश्रमः ।
वैश्यो गच्छेदनुज्ञातो नृपेणाश्रममण्डलम् ॥१५॥

15. kṛtakṛtyo vayotīto rājñaḥ kṛtapariśramaḥ ,
vaiśyo gacchedanujñāto nṛpeṇāśramamaṇḍalam.

15. kṛtakṛtyaḥ vayoatītaḥ rājñaḥ kṛtapariśramaḥ
vaiśyaḥ gacchet anujñātaḥ nṛpeṇa āśramamaṇḍalam

15. kṛtakṛtyaḥ vayoatītaḥ rājñaḥ kṛtapariśramaḥ
vaiśyaḥ nṛpeṇa anujñātaḥ āśramamaṇḍalam gacchet

15. A Vaiśya, who has accomplished his tasks, passed his (active) age, and exerted effort for the king, should, with the king's permission, enter the realm of the stages of life (āśrama).

Words meanings summery:

• कृतकृत्यः (kṛtakṛtyaḥ) - having accomplished his tasks (one who has done what was to be done; one who has fulfilled his duties)

• वयोअतीतः (vayoatītaḥ) - having passed his (active) age (one who has passed his age; aged)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - for the king (of the king, for the king)

• कृतपरिश्रमः (kṛtapariśramaḥ) - having exerted effort (for the king) (one who has exerted effort; one who has toiled)

• वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a Vaiśya (a Vaiśya (member of the merchant/farmer class))

• गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should enter (lit. should go) (should go, may go)

• अनुज्ञातः (anujñātaḥ) - with (the king's) permission (lit. having been permitted) (permitted, authorized, allowed)

• नृपेण (nṛpeṇa) - by the king

• आश्रममण्डलम् (āśramamaṇḍalam) - the realm of the stages of life (āśrama) (the circle/region of stages of life; the group of hermitages)

Words meanings and morphology

कृतकृत्यः (kṛtakṛtyaḥ) - having accomplished his tasks (one who has done what was to be done; one who has fulfilled his duties)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtakṛtya

kṛtakṛtya - one who has completed his work; successful; content

Bahuvrihi compound: 'kṛta' (done) + 'kṛtya' (duty/to be done). One for whom the duty is done.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+kṛtya)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• kṛtya – to be done, duty, action
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

वयोअतीतः (vayoatītaḥ) - having passed his (active) age (one who has passed his age; aged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vayoatīta

vayoatīta - one who has passed his age, aged, elderly

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'vayas' (age) + 'atīta' (passed).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vayas+atīta)

• vayas – age, youth, strength
  noun (neuter)
• atīta – passed, gone by, elapsed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'ati'.
  Prefix: ati
  Root: i (class 2)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - for the king (of the king, for the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

कृतपरिश्रमः (kṛtapariśramaḥ) - having exerted effort (for the king) (one who has exerted effort; one who has toiled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtapariśrama

kṛtapariśrama - one who has made effort, diligent, hardworking

Bahuvrihi compound: 'kṛta' (done) + 'pariśrama' (effort, toil). One by whom effort has been done.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+pariśrama)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• pariśrama – effort, toil, exertion, fatigue
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'śram' (to toil) with prefix 'pari'.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: śram (class 1)

वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a Vaiśya (a Vaiśya (member of the merchant/farmer class))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśya

vaiśya - a member of the third social class (merchants, farmers, artisans)

Derived from 'viś' (settler, commoner).

गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should enter (lit. should go) (should go, may go)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of gam

Optative Mood

3rd person singular, active voice, optative mood of root 'gam'.

Root: gam (class 1)

अनुज्ञातः (anujñātaḥ) - with (the king's) permission (lit. having been permitted) (permitted, authorized, allowed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anujñāta

anujñāta - permitted, allowed, assented to, authorized

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'jñā' (to know) with prefix 'anu'.

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

नृपेण (nṛpeṇa) - by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

Compound of 'nṛ' (man) and 'pa' (protector, ruler).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, ruler, drinker
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'pā' (to protect or to drink). Here: protector.
  Root: pā (class 1)

आश्रममण्डलम् (āśramamaṇḍalam) - the realm of the stages of life (āśrama) (the circle/region of stages of life; the group of hermitages)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āśramamaṇḍala

āśramamaṇḍala - the circle/region of āśramas; the domain of stages of life

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'āśrama' (stage of life) and 'maṇḍala' (circle, region, realm).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āśrama+maṇḍala)

• āśrama – stage of life, hermitage, abode
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'śram' (to toil, exert) with prefix 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śram (class 1)
• maṇḍala – circle, disc, region, realm
  noun (neuter)