महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-208, verse-26

वयोतीतो जरामृत्यू जित्वा ब्रह्म सनातनम् ।
अमृतं तदवाप्नोति यत्तदक्षरमव्ययम् ॥२६॥

26. vayotīto jarāmṛtyū jitvā brahma sanātanam ,
amṛtaṁ tadavāpnoti yattadakṣaramavyayam.

26. vayaḥ atītaḥ jarā-mṛtyū jitvā brahma sanātanam
amṛtam tat avāpnoti yat tat akṣaram avyayam

26. vayaḥ atītaḥ jarā-mṛtyū jitvā sanātanam brahma
avyayam akṣaram amṛtam tat yat tat avāpnoti

26. One who has transcended age, having conquered old age and death, attains the eternal Brahman. Indeed, one achieves that immortal (amṛta), imperishable (akṣara), and undecaying (avyaya) state.

Words meanings summery:

• वयः (vayaḥ) - age (as in life span) (age, youth, vigor, life)

• अतीतः (atītaḥ) - transcended, passed beyond (past, gone, transcended, overcome)

• जरा-मृत्यू (jarā-mṛtyū) - old age and death

• जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered (having conquered, having won)

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahman (the ultimate reality) (Brahman (the Absolute reality), sacred word, sacred knowledge)

• सनातनम् (sanātanam) - eternal (eternal, ancient, everlasting)

• अमृतम् (amṛtam) - immortality, the immortal state (immortality, nectar, eternal life)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the state of Brahman) (that, it)

• अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - attains, achieves (attains, reaches, obtains)

• यत् (yat) - which, that (introducing a descriptive clause) (which, what, that)

• तत् (tat) - that (emphasizing akṣaram and avyayam) (that, it)

• अक्षरम् (akṣaram) - imperishable (describing immortality) (imperishable, immutable, syllable)

• अव्ययम् (avyayam) - undecaying (describing immortality) (undecaying, immutable, indeclinable)

Words meanings and morphology

वयः (vayaḥ) - age (as in life span) (age, youth, vigor, life)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vayas

vayas - age, life, youth, vigor

अतीतः (atītaḥ) - transcended, passed beyond (past, gone, transcended, overcome)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atīta

atīta - passed, gone beyond, elapsed, past

Past Passive Participle

from ati-i (to go beyond)

Prefix: ati

Root: i (class 2)

जरा-मृत्यू (jarā-mṛtyū) - old age and death

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of jarā-mṛtyu

jarā-mṛtyu - old age and death

Compound type : dvandva (jarā+mṛtyu)

• jarā – old age, decay
  noun (feminine)
  Root: jṝ (class 1)
• mṛtyu – death, end of life
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mṛ (class 6)

जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered (having conquered, having won)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from root ji (to conquer)

Root: ji (class 1)

ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahman (the ultimate reality) (Brahman (the Absolute reality), sacred word, sacred knowledge)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahman, the Absolute, sacred knowledge, prayer

Root: bṛh (class 1)

सनातनम् (sanātanam) - eternal (eternal, ancient, everlasting)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, perpetual, ancient

अमृतम् (amṛtam) - immortality, the immortal state (immortality, nectar, eternal life)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of amṛta

amṛta - immortal, deathless, nectar, immortality

Prefix: a

Root: mṛ (class 6)

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the state of Brahman) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - attains, achieves (attains, reaches, obtains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of avāp

Present Active Indicative

3rd person singular

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

यत् (yat) - which, that (introducing a descriptive clause) (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

तत् (tat) - that (emphasizing akṣaram and avyayam) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

अक्षरम् (akṣaram) - imperishable (describing immortality) (imperishable, immutable, syllable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of akṣara

akṣara - imperishable, immutable, syllable, letter

from a-kṣar (not perishing)

Prefix: a

Root: kṣar (class 1)

अव्ययम् (avyayam) - undecaying (describing immortality) (undecaying, immutable, indeclinable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avyaya

avyaya - undecaying, immutable, indeclinable, imperishable

from a-vyaya (not perishing/decaying)

Prefix: a

Root: vī (class 1)