महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-208, verse-23

प्रवृत्तं नोपरुन्धेत शनैरग्निमिवेन्धयेत् ।
ज्ञानेन्धितं ततो ज्ञानमर्कवत्संप्रकाशते ॥२३॥

23. pravṛttaṁ noparundheta śanairagnimivendhayet ,
jñānendhitaṁ tato jñānamarkavatsaṁprakāśate.

23. pravṛttam na uparundheta śanaiḥ agnim iva indhayet
jñāna-indhitam tataḥ jñānam arka-vat samprakāśate

23. pravṛttam na uparundheta,
śanaiḥ agnim iva indhayet.
tataḥ jñāna-indhitam jñānam arka-vat samprakāśate.

23. One should not obstruct the activity (pravṛtti) that has begun; instead, one should gradually nurture it, just as one fuels a fire. Then, that knowledge (jñāna), once kindled by such understanding, shines forth brilliantly like the sun.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रवृत्तम् (pravṛttam) - the activity (pravṛtti) that has been initiated (activity, what has begun, tendency, engagement)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• उपरुन्धेत (uparundheta) - one should obstruct (one should obstruct, one should hinder, one should stop)

• शनैः (śanaiḥ) - gradually (slowly, gradually, gently)

• अग्निम् (agnim) - fire

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• इन्धयेत् (indhayet) - one should fuel (it) (one should fuel, one should ignite, one should kindle)

• ज्ञान-इन्धितम् (jñāna-indhitam) - kindled by (such) knowledge (jñāna) (kindled by knowledge, illuminated by understanding)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that, therefore)

• ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge (jñāna) (knowledge, wisdom, understanding)

• अर्क-वत् (arka-vat) - like the sun (like the sun, sun-like)

• सम्प्रकाशते (samprakāśate) - shines forth brilliantly (shines forth, appears brilliantly, becomes manifest)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रवृत्तम् (pravṛttam) - the activity (pravṛtti) that has been initiated (activity, what has begun, tendency, engagement)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - begun, started, engaged in, acting, active, having a tendency

Past Passive Participle

From pra (forth) + vṛt (to turn, exist, proceed).

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Object of uparundheta.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

उपरुन्धेत (uparundheta) - one should obstruct (one should obstruct, one should hinder, one should stop)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of upa-rudh

Optative mood, 3rd person singular

From upa (near, towards) + rudh (to obstruct, block).

Prefix: upa

Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Implies "one" as the subject.

शनैः (śanaiḥ) - gradually (slowly, gradually, gently)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

Note: Modifies indhayet.

अग्निम् (agnim) - fire

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire

Root: ag (class 1)

Note: Object of implied 'fuel' or similar.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

इन्धयेत् (indhayet) - one should fuel (it) (one should fuel, one should ignite, one should kindle)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of indh

Optative mood, 3rd person singular, Causal form

From root indh (to light, kindle). Causal stem indhaya.

Root: indh (class 7)

Note: Implies "one" as the subject.

ज्ञान-इन्धितम् (jñāna-indhitam) - kindled by (such) knowledge (jñāna) (kindled by knowledge, illuminated by understanding)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñānendhita

jñānendhita - kindled by knowledge

Compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (jñāna+indhita)

• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  From jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• indhita – kindled, ignited, inflamed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From indh (to light, kindle).
  Root: indh (class 7)

Note: Qualifies jñānam.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Ablative particle from tad.

Note: Connects clauses.

ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge (jñāna) (knowledge, wisdom, understanding)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom, understanding, realization

From jñā (to know).

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of samprakāśate.

अर्क-वत् (arka-vat) - like the sun (like the sun, sun-like)

(indeclinable)

From arka (sun) with possessive/similative suffix vat.

Note: Adverbial.

सम्प्रकाशते (samprakāśate) - shines forth brilliantly (shines forth, appears brilliantly, becomes manifest)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sam-pra-kāś

Present tense, 3rd person singular

From sam (together, fully) + pra (forth, greatly) + kāś (to shine).

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: kāś (class 1)